Radiation, Discovery and Equipment Flashcards

1
Q

Bucky mechanism

A

grid that is an integral part of the x-ray table, located below the tabletop and above a cassette tray; decreases the amount of scatter radiation reaching the image receptor, which increases contrast; moves during exposure so that no grid lines appear on the image

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2
Q

Collimator

A

diaphragm or system of diaphragms made of an absorbing material; designed to define the dimensions and direction of a beam of radiation device consisting of four rectilinear radiopaque blades that are adjustable to control x-ray field size and shape

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3
Q

Longitudinal

A

lengthwise; along the long axis

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4
Q

Transverse

A

placed crosswise; situated at right angles to the long axis of a part

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5
Q

Vertical

A

perpendicular to the plane of the horizon

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6
Q

Dual Nature of X-ray Energy

A

X-rays act like both waves and particles.

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7
Q

What year were x-rays discovered?

A

1895

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8
Q

Identify 2 of the properties of x-rays

A
There are 14....
Are invisible
Are electrically neutral
Have no mass
Travel at the speed of light in a vacuum
Cannot be optically focused
Form a polyenergetic or heterogeneous beam
Can be produced in a range of energies
Travel in straight lines
Can cause some substances to fluoresce
Cause chemical changes in radiographic and photographic film
Can penetrate the human body
Can be absorbed or scattered in the human body
Can produce secondary radiation
Can cause damage to living tissue
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9
Q

Describe the difference between a mobile x-ray unit and a c-arm

A

Mobile X-ray unit can be moved to a patient’s room to a static radiographic image.
C-arm is a fluoroscopy unit that is commonly used in the OR and produces dynamic radiographic images.

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10
Q

frequency

A

The number of waves passing a given point per given unit of time. Frequency is represented by a lowercase f or by the Greek letter nu (ν), and values are given in Hertz (Hz).

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11
Q

wavelength

A

The distance between two successive crests or troughs.

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12
Q

electromagnetic radiation

A

Radiation that has both electrical and magnetic properties. All radiations that are electromagnetic make up a spectrum.

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13
Q

photon

A

A small, discrete bundle of energy.

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14
Q

ionization

A

The ability to remove (eject) electrons; a property of x-rays.

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15
Q

fluorescence

A

instantaneous production of light resulting from the interaction of some type of energy (in this case x-rays) and some element or compound

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16
Q

radiolucent

A

describes a material that easily transmits x-ray energy with very little absorption

17
Q

fluoroscopic

A

device used for dynamic radiographic examinations; USUALLY (some model have tube overhead) consists of an x-ray tube situated underneath the x-ray table and an electronic image detector situated over the x-ray table

18
Q

cathode

A

Negative electrode of the X-ray tube

19
Q

anode

A

positive electrode of an X-ray tube

20
Q

cassette

A

light-proof holder for the image receptor; in computed radiography, the cassette holds the reusable photostimulable phosphor imaging plate; in conventional film-screen radiography, the cassette contains intensifying screens and a sheet of film

21
Q

cathode

A

Negative electrode of the X-ray tube

22
Q

anode

A

positive electrode of an X-ray tube