RAD 245- Image Analysis- Chapter 8 Quiz- Module 3

Question 1

True or False
For an AP Axial projection of the C-Spine in the erect position, a 20-degree cephalad angle is needed to align the CR parallel with the intervertebral disk spaces.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which of the following positions will best demonstrate the left zygapophyseal joints of the T-Spine?

A. LPO
B. RPO
C. RAO
D. Lateral

Answer 2

B. RPO

Question 3

A lateral cervical projection with accurate positioning demonstrates:

1. C1 and C2 without cranial or mandibular superimposition
2. Open intervertebral disk spaces
3. Superimposed right and left articular pillars and zygapophyseal joints
4. The Spinous process in profile

A. 1 and 4 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2, and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

Answer 3

D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

1. C1 and C without cranial or mandibular superimposition
2. Open intervertebral disk spaces
3. Superimposed right and left articular pillars and zygapophyseal joints
4. The Spinous process in profile

Question 4

True or False
For a swimmer’s lateral projection, the CR is directed to the MCP at the level of 3 inches superior to the jugular notch.

Answer 4

False (1 inch superior to jugular notch)

Question 5

A PA axial oblique cervical projection with accurate positioning demonstrates:

1. The zygapophyseal joints
2. The intervertebral foramina
3. Open intervertebral disk spaces
4. C4 at the center of the exposure field

A. 1 only
B. 2 and 4 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 2, 3, and 4 only

Answer 5

D. 2, 3, and 4 only

2. The intervertebral foramina
3. Open intervertebral disk spaces
4. C4 at the center of the exposure field

Question 6

An AP thoracic projection with accurate positioning demonstrates:

1. Distorted Vertebral Bodies
2. The long axis of the thoracic vertebrae aligned with the long axis of the collimated field
3. Spinous processes aligned with the midline of the vertebra bodies
4. Open intervertebral joint spaces

A. 1 and 4 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 2, 3, and 4 only
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

Answer 6

C. 2, 3, and 4 only

2. The long axis of the thoracic vertebrae aligned with the long axis of the collimated field
3. Spinous processes aligned with the midline of the vertebra bodies
4. Open intervertebral joint spaces

Question 7

For a lateral cervical projection:

1. The MCP is positioned parallel with the IR
2. The IPL is aligned perpendicular to the iR
3. The long axis of the cervical vertebral column is aligned with the short axis of the collimated field
4. a 72 inch (183-cm) SID is used

A. 1 and 3 only
B. 2 and 4 only
C. 1, 2, and 3 only
D. 2 and 3 only

Answer 7

B. 2 and 4 only

2. The IPL is aligned perpendicular to the iR
3. a 72 inch (183-cm) SID is used

Question 8

For PA axial oblique cervical projection:

1. The MCP is aligned at a 45 degree angle with the IR
2. The CR is angled 15 degrees caudally
3. The head’s MSP is aligned perpendicular to the IR
4. An increased caudal angle if needed to demonstrate the lower vertebrae on a severely kyphotic patient

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1 and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 1, 2, and 4 only

Answer 8

D. 1, 2, and 4 only

1. The MCP is aligned at a 45 degree angle with the IR
2. The CR is angled 15 degrees caudally
3. An increased caudal angle if needed to demonstrate the lower vertebrae on a severely kyphotic patient

Question 9

To achieve uniform density throughout the entire thoracic vertebrae on an AP thoracic projection:

1. Position the wedge-type compensating filter over the upper thoracic vertebrae
2. Use a high-ratio grid
3. Position the patient’s feet toward the cathode end of the tube
4. Use a low-kVp technique

A. 1 only
B. 2 and 4 only
C. 1 and 3 only
D. 3 only

Answer 9

C. 1 and 3 only

1. Position the wedge-type compensating filter over the upper thoracic vertebrae
2. Position the patient’s feet toward the cathode end of the tube

Question 10

A lateral cervical projection obtained with the patient’s head tilted toward the IR Demonstrates:

1. The inferior cortices of the mandible without superimposition
2. The articular pillars and zygapophyseal joints with superoinferior separation
3. The vertebral foramen of C1
4. Superimposed inferior cranial cortices

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2, and 3 only
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

Answer 10

C. 1, 2, and 3 only

1. The inferior cortices of the mandible without superimposition
2. The articular pillars and zygapophyseal joints with superoinferior separation
3. The vertebral foramen of C1

Question 11

Which of the following projections/position(s) demonstrates the right intervertebral foramina?

1. Lateral
2. LPO
3. LAO
4. RAO

A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 2 and 4 only

Answer 11

D. 2 and 4 only

B. LPO

D. RAO

Question 12

An AP axial cervical projection with poor positioning demonstrates obscured intervertebral disk spaces and each vertebra’s spinous process within its vertebral body. How was the positioning setup mispositioned for such a projection to be obtained?

A. The patient was rotated toward the right side
B. The CR was insufficiently angled or not angled at all
C. The patient’s head was tilted
D. The CR was angled too cephalically

Answer 12

B. The CR was insufficiently angled or not angled at all

Question 13

True or False
To obtain open intervertebral disk spaces for AP Axial cervical vertebrae projections when imaging the upright and kyphotic patient, the CR angulation needs to be increased over that used on the supine patient.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

The vertebral body of C7 is not demonstrated on a lateral cervical projection. To demonstrate this cervical vertebra:

1. Take the image on expiration
2. Have the patient hold weights on each arm to depress shoulders
3. Take a swimmer’s lateral image
4. Angle the CR 10 degrees cephalically

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1, 2, and 3 only
D. 3 and 4 only

Answer 14

C. 1, 2, and 3 only

1. Take the image on expiration
2. Have the patient hold weights on each arm to depress shoulders
3. Take a swimmer’s lateral image

Question 15

For an AP axial cervical projection, the:

1. Mandibular angles, mastoid tips, and shoulders are positioned at equal distances from the IR
2. CR is angled 15 to 20 degrees cephalically
3. Intervertebral disk spaces are closed
4. Long axis of the cervical vertebra is aligned with the short axis of the collimated field

A. 1 and 2 only
B. 1, 2, and 3 only
C. 2 and 3 only
D. 3 and 4 only

Answer 15

A. 1 and 2 only

1. Mandibular angles, mastoid tips, and shoulders are positioned at equal distances from the IR
2. CR is angled 15 to 20 degrees cephalically