RAD 210 Ch. 4 Upper Limb Flashcards
Steve
Left
The
Party
To
Take
Carol
Home
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
How many Metacarpal Bones are there?
8
How Many bones are in each hand and wrist? What are the three groups there divided into.
27,
Phalanges (fingers and thumb)
Metacarpals (palm)
Carpals (wrist)
Synovial - freely movable
Another word for Synovial is?
diarthrodial
Ellipsoidal - joints that allow movement in four directions-flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
Another word for Ellipsoidal Is?
condyloid
Insufficent ( ) results in a noisy , grainy noise image on an interpretation monitor, even though it may appear satisfactory on a workstation monitor.
A. mAs
B. kVp
A. mAs
True Or False? Interphalangeal (IP) and Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) are the joints that should appear open in an PA Hand image
True
What is not generally used for the upper limb examinations unless the body part measures greater than 10 cm.
A. Cassette
B. Grid
C. Bucky
D. Tabletop
B. Grid
Distal is further away from the body , while proximal is __________ ?
closer to the body
The three portions of each finger (2nd-5th digits) are ____?
A. Trapezium , Trapezoid, Triquetrum
B. Metacarpal , carpometacarpal , Interphalangeal joints
C. Proximal , middle , distal phalanges
C. Proximal , Middle , Distal Phalanges
What is the most common fractured carpel bone?
A. Capitate
B. Lunate
C. Scaphoid
D. Hamate
C. Scaphoid
True Or False? Never shield while taking an image of the upper limb
False, ALWAYS Shield
The radius is located on the _______ side of the forearm , while the ulna is on the pinky side.
A. Lateral
B. Proximal
C. Thumb
D. 4th Finger
C. Thumb
Movement of the wrist , that “opens up” showing the carpals on the radial/lateral side of wrist is _________
A. Ulnar Deviation
B. Radial Deviation
A. Ulnar Deviation
What does the Abbreviation IP (joint) , stands for_____?
Interphalangeal - synovial joints that connect adjacent phalanges in the hand.
The SID for upper limb is 40 inches. True Or False
True
The Capitate is the most commonly fractured carpal bone. True Or False
False - The scaphoid is the most commonly fractured carpal bone
When doing a PA Wrist Image , the CR is perpendicular to the IR but directed where?
A. First CMC Joint
B. First MCP Joint
C. Midcarpal Area
D. Humate Carpel Bone
C. Midcarpal Area
55 degrees is the angle you put the hand in for an PA Oblique Projection? True Or False
False. Angle it at 45 degrees
When doing an PA Oblique on an finger , the CR is perpendicular to the IR but directed at which joint?
A. MCP Joint
B. IP Joint
C, CMC Joint
D. None of these
D. None of these , It Will be directed at the PCP (Proximal Interphalangeal joint) , is the joint in the middle of the finger.
Fractures and dislocations of the distal, middle, and proximal phalanges; distal metacarpal; and associated joints. Pathologic processes, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis , what projection would be used for this?
A. PA Fingers
B. PA Oblique
C. PA Lateral
D. All of the above
D. All Of the Above , Thumb Projections as well EXCEPT AP Axial Projection and PA Stress for the Thumb.
A “FAN” also known as a lateral hand projection , CR is perpendicular to the IR but directed at which joint?
A. 1st MCP Joint
B. IP Joint
C. 2nd MCP Joint
D. PCP Joint
C. 2nd MCP Joint
What Size IR do you use for AP Forearm? _______
14 x 17
What projection will be used when you Align arm and forearm with long axis of IR. Center elbow joint to CR and to IR. Pronate hand into a natural palm-down position and rotate arm as needed until distal humerus and anterior surface of elbow are rotated 45° ?
A. Acute Flexion Projections Of IR
B. AP Oblique Medial (Internal)
C. AP Oblique Lateral (External)
B. AP Oblique Medial
The rough oval process on the medial and anterior side of the radius, just distal to the neck, is the ______ ?
A. Radial Tuberosity
B. Head of Ulna
C. Coronoid Processes
D. Styloid Processes
A. Radial Tuberosity
Define coronoid tubercle
The medial margin of the coronoid process opposite the radial notch
True Or False? The head of the radius articulates with the ulna at the radial notch, forming the proximal radioulnar joint.
True
True Or False? The body of the humerus is the short center section, and the expanded distal end of the humerus is the humeral condyle
False , The body of the humerus is the LONG center section, and the expanded distal end of the humerus is the humeral condyle
Define ginglymus
hinge-type, joints with movement in two directions only, flexion and extension
True Or False? The second to fifth MCP joints are synovial-type joints that allow movement in four directions—flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction. Circumduction movement, which also occurs at these joints, is conelike sequential movement in these four directions.
False , The second to fifth MCP joints are ELLIPSOISAL type joints that allow movement in four directions—flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction. Circumduction movement, which also occurs at these joints, is conelike sequential movement in these four directions.
All joints of the upper limb are classified as __________
A. synovial
B. freely moveable
C. diarthrodial
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
What projection has the CR directed 15 degrees , entering at the first CMC joint ?
A. PA Hand
B. AP Axial Thumb
C. Lateral Thumb
D. Lateral Hand
B. AP Axial Thumb
If there is no rotation present in a properly positioned lateral forearm, using a lateromedial projection what bones should be superimposed?
head of ulna being superimposed over the radius plus humeral epicondyles
The third group of bones of the hand and wrist are?
A. Carpals
B. Metacarpals
C. Phalanges
A. Carpals
True Or False? The the thumb is considered the first digit.
True
__ x __ IR is used for an Elbow Projection?
10x12
What size IR is used for hand, fingers, wrist and thumb projections?
A. 14x24
B. 14x17
C. 8x10
D. 10x12
C. 8x10
When doing an AP elbow or AP Oblique elbow projection , where is the IR directed to?
Mid Elbow Joint
True Or False ? You will use Grids for elbow and forearm xrays?
False , Elbow , wrist, fingers , forearm and hand are all NONGRIDS.
PA Oblique and PA for the wrist , IR is directed where?
A. MCP Joints
B. Midcarpal Area
C. Scaphoid
B. Midcarpal Area
Which Carpal bone is the smallest?
A. Trapezoid
B. Trapezium
C. Triquetrum
A. Trapezoid
Which bone is in between the Region of olecranon fossa and Olecranon process in the elbow?
Epicondyle
Which bone of the upper limb contains the coronoid process?
A. Humorous
B. First Metacarpal
C. Radius
D. Ulna
D. Ulna
Why should a forearm never be taken as a PA Projection?
A. too painful for patient
B. causes the proximal radius to cross over the ulna
C. causes the distal radius will cross over ulna
D. increases the OID of the distal radius
C. Causes the distal radius will cross over ulna
A patient with a possible Barton fracture enters the ER. Which positioning routine should be performed to confirm the diagnosis?
PA Wrist
Which of the following projections would best demonstrate a possible elevated fat pad near the elbow joint?
A. lateral
B. AP
C. AP partially flexed
D. acute flexion
A. Lateral
True Or False? When doing an x-ray image on a cast you will increase the kVp?
True , depending on the type of cast is how you will determine how much you will need to increase
A radiograph of an AP oblique-medial rotation shows that the coronoid process is not in profile and the radial head is not superimposed over the ulna. What specific positioning error was involved?
A. insufficient medial rotation
B. excessive medial rotation
C. excessive extension of elbow
D. excessive flexion of elbow
A. Insufficient medial rotation
True Or False? The kVp for an FAN Lateral Hand is 55-65.
True
What disease is inflammation of the bursae or fluid-filled sacs that enclose the joints; the process generally involves the formation of calcification in associated tendons, 4 which causes pain and limited joint movement.
A. Bone metastases
B. Osteoarthritis
C. Bursitis
D. Osteomyelitis
C. Bursitis
