RAD 210 Ch. 4 Upper Limb Flashcards
What are the four main groups of bones in the upper limb?
Hand and wrist, forearm, arm (humerus), and shoulder girdle
How many bones are in the hand and wrist combined?
27 bones
How many phalanges are in each hand?
14 phalanges
What is the name of the joint between the two phalanges of the thumb?
Interphalangeal (IP) joint
What bones make up the palm of the hand?
Metacarpals
What is the most frequently fractured carpal bone?
Scaphoid
How many bones make up the metacarpals?
Five
Which carpal bone is boat-shaped and articulates with the radius?
Scaphoid
What are the names of the bones in the proximal row of carpals?
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform
Which joint is formed by the articulation of the first metacarpal and the trapezium?
First carpometacarpal (CMC) joint
Which bone is the largest in the distal row of the carpal bones?
Capitate
What structure passes through the carpal sulcus?
Major nerves and tendons
What is the name of the hook-like process on the hamate bone?
Hamulus (hamular process)
How many phalanges does the thumb have?
Two
Which carpal bone is known for its small, pea-like shape?
Pisiform
What is the main function of the radius in the forearm?
It rotates around the ulna during pronation
What two bones form the distal radioulnar joint?
The radius and the ulna
Which carpal bone articulates with the second metacarpal?
Trapezoid
Which part of the radius can be palpated on the thumb side of the wrist joint?
Radial styloid process
What is the name of the process that can be felt on the posterior aspect of the elbow joint?
Olecranon process
Which carpal bone is located directly medial to the trapezium?
Trapezoid
What type of bone is the ulna in relation to the formation of the elbow joint?
The ulna is primarily involved in the formation of the elbow joint
What is the name of the concave depression on the ulna that articulates with the distal humerus?
Trochlear (semilunar) notch
Which carpal bone articulates with the first metacarpal?
Trapezium
How is the head of the radius different from the head of the ulna?
The head of the radius is located proximally, near the elbow joint, while the head of the ulna is located distally, near the wrist
What is the rounded articular margin of the humeral condyle called?
Capitulum
Which carpal bone is the most lateral in the proximal row?
Scaphoid
What is the distal end of the humerus called?
Humeral condyle
Which carpal bone articulates with the lunate and capitate?
The lunate articulates with the capitate distally
What is the function of the trochlea of the humerus?
It articulates with the ulna
What bone is on the lateral side of the forearm?
Radius
What is the name of the smallest bone in the distal row of carpals?
Trapezoid
What is the anatomical term for the middle part of a phalanx?
Body (shaft)
What does the radial tuberosity serve as an attachment point for?
It serves as an attachment point for muscles
How many interphalangeal joints are in each finger (digits 2-5)?
Two (DIP and PIP joints)
What does the term “carpal tunnel” refer to?
The carpal sulcus, through which major nerves and tendons pass
Which bone forms the bulk of the posterior aspect of the elbow?
Olecranon process of the ulna
What is the name of the joint between the radius and ulna near the wrist?
Distal radioulnar joint
What is the most medial carpal bone in the distal row?
Hamate
What is the primary movement allowed by the radioulnar joints?
Rotational movement of the forearm
What is the small depression on the medial aspect of the distal radius called?
Ulnar notch
What is the largest bone in the proximal row of carpals?
Scaphoid
What is the shape of the lunate bone?
Moon-shaped
Which process on the ulna articulates with the humerus to form part of the elbow joint?
Coronoid process
What part of the humerus articulates with the head of the radius?
Capitulum
How many carpals are in the wrist?
Eight
What is the concave area formed by the carpal bones on the anterior side of the wrist?
Carpal sulcus
Which bone is located at the extreme distal end of the radius?
Radial styloid process
What is the main bone involved in the wrist joint?
Radius
What is the name of the large, rounded head of the capitate?
Capitate head
