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R44 Emergency Procedures > R44 Emergency Procedures > Flashcards

R44 Emergency Procedures Flashcards

1
Q

Definition Land Immediately

A

Land on the nearest clear area where a safe normal landing can be performed. Be prepared to enter autorotation during approach, if required

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2
Q

Definition Land as soon as Practical

A

Landing site is at Pilot’s discretion based on nature of the problem and available landing areas. Flight beyond nearest airport is not recommended

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3
Q

Power Failure Above 500ft

A
  1. Lower collective immediately to maintain RPM
  2. 70kts or maximum glide/maximum endurance
  3. Keep RPM between 97% and 108%
  4. Select landing spot and, if altitude permits, maneuver to land into wind
  5. Air restart if possible
  6. Switches and fuel valve off
  7. Land
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4
Q

Power Failure Between 8ft and 500ft

A
  1. Lower collective immediately to maintain RRPM
  2. Keep RPM between 97% and 108%
  3. Maintain airspeed until ground is approached then flare
  4. Touchdown
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5
Q

Power Failure Below 8ft

A
  1. Apply Pedal to stop the yaw
  2. Allow heli to settle
  3. Raise collective to cushion the landing
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6
Q

Maximum Glide Distance Configuration

A

90 kts / 90% RRPM

4.7:1 = 1nm per 1300ft

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7
Q

Minimum Rate of Descent Configuration

A

55 kts / 90%

4:1 - 1nm per 1500ft

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8
Q

Air Restart Procedure

A
  1. Mixture Full Rich
  2. Throttle - Closed then crack
  3. Actuate Starter
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9
Q

Emergency Water Landing

A

Autorotate - unlatch doors prior to water contact

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10
Q

Loss of Tail Rotor Thrust in Forward Flight

A

Failure indicated by nose yaw right that cannot be stopped by left pedal

  1. Immediately roll throttle off into overtravel spring
  2. 70kts
  3. Raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing (making sure throttle is in overtravel)
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11
Q

Engine Fire During Start on Ground

A
  1. Cranking - Continue and attempt to start
  2. If engine starts run at 60-70%
  3. Fuel Mixture - OFF
  4. Fuel Valve - OFF
  5. Battery Switch - OFF
  6. Stop Rotors
  7. Exit Aircraft
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12
Q

Engine Fire in Flight

A
  1. Enter Autorotation!
  2. Cabin Heat - OFF
  3. Cabin Vent - ON
  4. Engine Running - Land
  5. Engine Stops - Fuel Valve off and complete Autorotation
  6. Battery Switch - OFF
  7. Stop Rotors
  8. Exit Aircraft
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13
Q

Electrical Fire in Flight

A
  1. Battery and alternator - OFF
  2. Open Cabin Vents
  3. Land Immediately
  4. Fuel mixture and fuel valve OFF
  5. Stop Rotors
  6. Exit Airrcraft
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14
Q

Tachometer Failure

A

Use remaining Tacho to monitor RPM

If not clear which is malfunctioning , allow governor to control RPM and land as soon as practical

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15
Q

Hydraulic System Failure

A
  1. HYD Switch - Confirm ON
  2. If Hydraulics not restored. HYD Switch - OFF
  3. Adjust speed and flight condition for control
  4. Land as soon as practical
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16
Q

Governor Failure

A

If engine RPM governor malfunctions, grip throttle firmly to override the governor, then switch off governor. Complete rest of flight with manual throttle control

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17
Q

OIL Light

A
  • Loss of engine power or oil pressure
  • Check engine tach for power loss
  • Check oil pressure gauge and, if pressure loss is confirmed LAND IMMEDIATELY
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18
Q

ENG FIRE Light

A
  • Indicated Possible Fire in Engine Compartment
  1. Enter Autorotation!
  2. Cabin Heat - OFF
  3. Cabin Vent - ON
  4. Engine Running - Land
  5. Engine Stops - Fuel Valve off and complete Autorotation
  6. Battery Switch - OFF
  7. Stop Rotors
  8. Exit Aircraft
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19
Q

MR TEMP Light

A

Indicated Excessive Temp of MR Gearbox

If light is accompanied by any indication of problem such as noise , vibration, or temperature rise - land immediately

If there is no other indication of a problem - land as soon as practical 55kts

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20
Q

MR CHIP Light

A

Indicates metallic partials in MR Gearbox

If light is accompanied by any indication of problem such as noise , vibration, or temperature rise - land immediately

If there is no other indication of a problem - land as soon as practical 55kts

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21
Q

TR CHIP Light

A

Indicates metallic partials in TR Gearbox

If light is accompanied by any indication of problem such as noise , vibration, or temperature rise - land immediately

If there is no other indication of a problem - land as soon as practical 55kts

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22
Q

LOW FUEL Light

A

Indicates 11L of usable fuel remaining

Engine will run out after 10 minutes at cruise

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23
Q

CLUTCH Light

A

Indicates clutch actuator circuit is on
Light stays on until belts are tensioned

10 seconds or greater - Pull CLUTCH CB and land as soon as practical

Reduce power and land immediately

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24
Q

ALT Light

A

Indicates low voltage and possible alternator failure

Turn off nonessential electronics then recycle ALT switch

If light stays on, land as soon as practical

Continues flight without alternator can result in tachometer failure

25
Q

STARTER ON Light

A

Indicates starter motor is engaged

If light does not go out after button released - PULL MIXTURE OFF and TURN BATTERY OFF

26
Q

LOW RPM Light

A

Rotor Speed below 97% RPM

To restore RPM:

  1. Immediately Lower Collective
  2. Roll Throttle On
  3. Apply Aft Cyclic

Light is disabled when collective is fully down

27
Q

GOV OFF Light

A

Indicates engine RPM governor is switched off

28
Q

CARBON MONOXIDE Light

A

Indicates CO in cabin

Shut off Heater and open nose and door vents

If hovering - Land or transition into forward flight

29
Q

BRAKE Light

A

Indicates rotor brake engaged

Release in flight or before starting

30
Q

FULL THROTTLE Light

A

Indicates engine near full throttle

The governor will be ineffective because it cannot increase throttle to maintain RPM

Lower collective to extinguish light

31
Q

HYD Light

A

Indicates Hydraulic system is switched off

32
Q

LOW RPM HORN

A

Horn is provided by speakers in side of instrument console in earlier aircraft and through audio system in later aircraft

Horn activates with the light at 97% RPM

To restore RPM Lower collective, roll throttle on, and apply aft cyclic

Horn and light are disabled when collective is fully down

33
Q

HIGH RPM WARBLE

A

On later aircraft a warble (high/low tone) indicates rotor speed approaching 108% RPM Limit. Raise collective to control RPM

34
Q

Airspeed - Take off and climb

35
Q

Airspeed - Max Rate of Climb (Vy)

36
Q

Airspeed - Max range

37
Q

Airspeed - Max cruise

A

110 kts (Do not exceed except in smooth air)

38
Q

Airspeed - Turbulence

A

60 - 70 kts

39
Q

Airspeed - Landing Approach

40
Q

Powerplant

A

Lycoming O-540-F1B5

Normal Rating: 260 BHP @ 2800 RPM

MCP: 205 BHP @ 2718 RPM (102%)

5 Min Take Off: 225 BHP at 2718 RPM

41
Q

Vne

A 
998kg and below - 130kts
over 998 kg - 120 kts
Floats armed - 115 kts
Autorotation - 100 kts
Above MCP - 100 kts
Doors off - 100 kts
Floats Deployed - 80 kts
42
Q

Rotor Speed Limits

A

Power on - 102% - 101%

Power off - 108% - 90%

43
Q

Powerplant Limits

A

Engine Speed Max Continuous - 102%

Engine Speed Max Transient - 105%

44
Q

Max CHT

A

500 F or 260 C

45
Q

Max Oil Temp

A

245 F or 118 C

46
Q

Oil Pressure Limits

A

Min Idle - 25 PSI
Min flight - 55 PSI
Max Flight - 95 PSI
Max startup - 115 PSI

47
Q

Oil Quantity for Take off

A

7QT minimum

48
Q

MTOW

49
Q

Min TOW

50
Q

Max weight per seat (including baggage)

51
Q

Max weight baggage compartment

52
Q

Minimum Pilot Weight

53
Q

Max Density Altitude

54
Q

Max AGL Altitude

A

9,000ft (to allow landing in 5 min due fire)

55
Q

Fuel Capacity

A

180L Total

176L Usable

56
Q

Correlator

A

Prior to autorotation to the ground, ensure to roll throttle into overtravel spring and hold against hard stop until autorotation is complete. This prevents throttle correlator from adding power when collective is raised

57
Q

Flat Pitch

A

Checking the manifold pressure before taking off- a higher than normal MAP can indicate a problem ie mag failure or only one mag on

58
Q

Do hydraulics still work during an engine failure?

A

Yes - The hydraulic pump is driven by the main rotor gearbox so the actual hydraulic system is independent of the engine.

59
Q

What do you do if the engine is kicking?

A

Switch off the governor and head for land / home at 55kts. If it is still kicking after governor is turned off then it could be mags or a stuck valve

R44 Emergency Procedures (4 decks)

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