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Reagents and Conditions > R > Flashcards

R Flashcards

1
Q

alkene —> dihaloalkane

Mechanism

A

Br2, Cl2, room temp.
EAdd

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2
Q

dihaloalkane —> diol

A

Aqueous KOH or NaOH, heat under reflux.
NuSub

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3
Q

alkene —> poly(alkene)

A

High pressure catalyst

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4
Q

alkene —> alcohol

Mechanism

A
  1. H2SO4 - EAdd
  2. Steam - hydrolysis
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5
Q

alkene —> haloalkane

Mechanism

A

HBr, HCl, room temp.
EAdd

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6
Q

alcohol —> alkene

Mechanism

A

conc. H2SO4 or conc. H3PO4.
Elimination, Dehydration

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7
Q

haloalkane —> alkene

Mechanism

A

Hot ethanolic NaOH or KOH.
Reflux
Elimination

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8
Q

alkane —> haloalkane

Equations

A

Br2, Cl2, UV light
Free radical sub

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9
Q

haloalkane —> alcohol

Mechanism

A

Aqueous KOH or NaOH.
Heat under reflux.
NuSub

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10
Q

haloalkane —> nitrile

Mechanism

A

KCN in ethanol.
Heat under reflux.
NuSub

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11
Q

haloalkane —> primary amine

Mechanism

A

Conc. ethanolic NH3.
Heat under pressure.
NuSub

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12
Q

nitrile —> primary amine

A

LiAlH4 in dry ether.
Reduction

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13
Q

primary amine —> secondary amine, tertiary amine, quaternary salt

Mechanism

A

Haloalkane.
NuSub

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14
Q

primary amine —> secondary amide

A

Acyl chloride, room temp.
Nu add/elim

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15
Q

alcohol —> aldehyde

A

If primary - (K/Na)2Cr2O7/H+
heat and distill.
Oxidation

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16
Q

alcohol —> ketone

A

If secondary - (K/Na)2Cr2O7/H+
heat.
Oxidation

17
Q

aldehyde —> alcohol

Mechanism

A

NaBH4
Reduction

18
Q

ketone —> alcohol

Mechanism

A

NaBH4
Reduction

19
Q

aldehyde —> carboxylic acid

A

If primary - (K/Na)2Cr2O7/H+
heat under reflux + excess oxidising agent.
Oxidation

20
Q

aldehyde/ketone —> hydroxynitrile

Mechanism

A

NaCN + H2SO4
NuAdd

21
Q

carboxylic acid —> ester

A

Alcohol + H2S04
heat.
Esterification

22
Q

alcohol —> ester

A

Carboxylic acid + H2SO4
heat.
Esterification

23
Q

acyl chloride / acid anhydride —> carboxylic acid

Mechanism

A

H2O room temp
Nu add/elim

24
Q

acyl chloride / acid anhydride —> ester

Mechanism

A

Alcohol, room temp.
Nu add/elim

25
Q

acyl chloride / acid anhydride —> secondary amide

Mechanism

A

primary amine, room temp.
Nu add/elim

26
Q

acyl chloride / acid anhydride —> primary amide

Mechanism

A

NH3, room temp.
Nu add/elim

27
Q

Benzene –> Nitrobenzene

A

Conc. HNO3 + conc. H2SO4
Esub

Mechanism

28
Q

Nitrobenzene –> Phenylamine

A

Sn & HCl
reduction

29
Q

Phenylamine –> N-methlyphenylamine

A

CH3Cl
NuSub

30
Q

Phenylamine –> N-Phenylethanamide

A

CH3COCl
Nu Add/Elim

31
Q

Benzene –> Phenylethanone

A

Acyl chloride in presence of anhydrous AlCl3 catalyst
Esub

Mechanism

32
Q

Phenylethanone –> Phenylethanol

A

NaBH4
reduction/ NuAdd

Reagents and Conditions (1 decks)

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