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ab waste > Quizzes Midterm > Flashcards

Quizzes Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

this is the process biomass fuel goes through to obtain fuel gas which can either be burned in a boiler or used for generating mechanical power using a diesel engine

A

Gasification

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2
Q

Among the wastes from coconut, this is the most widely utilized but the reported utilization rate is very low

A

Coconut Shell

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3
Q

This act mandates that all liquid fuels for motors and engines sold in the Philippines shall contain locally-sourced biofuel components

A

Biofuel Act of 2006

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4
Q

Total area devoted to agricultural crops in the Philippines

A

13.42 million hectares

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5
Q

It is the main energy application application of maize and is widely practiced by small farmers to supplement fuelwood for cooking

A

Maize Cob Burning

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6
Q

It is the most common form of waste, accounting for almost 50% of global municipal solid waste

A

Food

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7
Q

It is a slow pyrolysis process in which biomass is converted into a highly carbonaceous, charcoal-like material.

A

Carbonization

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8
Q

In the Philippines, wastes are generated generally by the sectors of ______, _____, and ________

A

agriculture
urban
agro-industrial

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9
Q

The estimated production of rice hull in the Philippines is more than 2 million tons per annum which is equivalent to approximately _______ BOE (barrels of oil equivalent) in terms of energy

A

5 million

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10
Q

It is a kind of gas that is produced during the anaerobic processing of organic matter such as manure, plant matter, or even municipal waste materials

A

Biogas

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11
Q

what are the common agricultural wastes in the Philippines?

A

Rice Husk
Rice Straw
Coconut Husk
Coconut Shell
Bagasse

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12
Q

Existing Bio-energy conversion technologies being applied in the Philippines

A

1.Direct Combustion
2.Biomass Carbonization and densification
3. Gasification
4. Biogas

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13
Q

What is agricultural wastes?

A

are wastes produced from agricultural operation including fruit residues, veg residues, meat and poultry residues and dairy residues. It can be in the form of: solid, liquid, and slurries

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14
Q

importance of good waste management

A

-it can contribute in a significant way to farm operations
- helps maintain a healthy environment for farm animals
-can reduce the need for commercial fertilizers while providing other nutrients needed for crop production

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15
Q

This pollutant is formed when microbes decomposed undigested organic nitrogen compounds in manure

A

Ammonia

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16
Q

Animals eating or drinking _______ sometimes get high blood pressure, liver disease and nerve or brain damage

A

Cadmium

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17
Q

Although this disease is associated mostly with low blood magnesium, conditions that increase the potential for its occurrence include low calcium, high uptake of nitrogen and potassium, and stress on the animal

A

Grass tetany

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18
Q

Regulates, restricts or prohibits the importation, manufacture, processing, sale, distribution, use and disposal of chemical substances and mixtures that present unreasonable risk and/or injury to health or environment

A

R.A. 6969 or Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990

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19
Q

All organic matter contains ______ in combination with one or more other elements

A

Carbon

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20
Q

Father of organic agriculture in the Philippines

A

Proceso J. Alcala

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21
Q

Mandates Local Government Units to divert at least 25% of their solid waste into recycling and composting, and away from disposal sites

A

R.A. 9003 or Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

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22
Q

This disease is associated with mature cattle grazing tall fescue that has been heavily fertilized for a number of years with poultry litter

A

Fat Necrosis

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23
Q

These organisms function in both aerobic or anaerobic environments

A

Facultative organism

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24
Q

Promotes, propagates, develops further, and implements the practice of organic agriculture that will cumulatively condition and enrich the fertility of the soil and increase farm productivity

A

R.A. 10068 or Organic agriculture act of 2010

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25
Q

It is released into the atmosphere from the anaerobic decomposition of animal manure

A

Methane

26
Q

This pollutant can cause tissue damage to cornea (calves exposed to 20ppm for 1 week) and has the odor of rotten eggs

A

Hydrogen Sulfide

27
Q

Cows that have this condition are unable to lactate after giving birth

A

Agalactia

28
Q

this represents the amount of oxygen consumed by bacteria and other microorganisms while they decompose organic matter

A

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

29
Q

This is the amount of oxygen available to living aquatic organisms

A

Dissolved Oxygen

30
Q

As water temperature _______, dissolved oxygen decreases

A

increases

31
Q

As dissolved oxygen level ________, BOD level increases

A

decreases

32
Q

Most widely used test to establish concentration of organic matter in wastewater sample

A

Biochemical/Biological Oxygen Demand

33
Q

It is the amount of oxygen required to decompose all of the organic material after infinite time

A

Ultimate BOD

34
Q

This is the portion of total solids that remains after heating to a certain temperature and time

A

Fixed Solids

35
Q

In this test, organic carbon converted to carbon dioxide and typically measured with an infrared analyzer

A

Total Organic Carbon

36
Q

includes manure plus other material, such as bedding, soil, wasted feed, and water that is wasted or used for sanitary and flushing purposes

A

Waste

37
Q

If you oven dry a sample, the substance that remains after the process is called ______

A

Total Solids

38
Q

exerted by heterotrophic organisms that derive their energy for oxidation from an organic carbon substrate

A

Carbonaceous Biochemical Oxygen demand

39
Q

It is the most popular alternative test to BOD for establishing the concentration of organic matter in wastewater samples

A

Chemical Oxygen Demand

40
Q

These values are important since they are often related to the turbidity of water

A

Total Suspended Solid

41
Q

It is a factor that indicates the rate of biodegradation of wastes

A

BOD Reaction rate constant

42
Q

Waste that has a moisture content of 75% or less

A

Solid waste

43
Q

Common laboratory tests used to determine the gross amount of organic matter in wastewater

A
  1. Dissolved Oxygen DO
  2. Biochemical/Biological Oxygen Demand BOD
  3. Chemical Oxygen Demand COD
  4. Total organic carbon TOC
44
Q

the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a water sample is significantly influenced by:

A
  1. temperature
  2. salinity
  3. atmospheric pressure
45
Q

It is the ability to absorb, accumulate, and detoxify toxic elements from the soil

A

Phytoremediation

46
Q

Plants are not very efficient at absorbing nutrients from the soil, typically utilizing less than _____ of available resources

A

50%

47
Q

Some soil organisms release substances that inhibit plant growth

A

TRUE

48
Q

Toxic element that disrupts water and ion balance, impair photosynthesis and induce leaf burn

A

Chlorine

49
Q

This refers to the process where ions in the soil solution are exchanged with ions attached to soil particles or organic matter

A

Cation exchange

50
Q

Decomposition rate ______ as temperature increases

A

increases

51
Q

Soil is negatively charged that’s why it will attract and hold positively charged chemicals and viruses

A

TRUE

52
Q

It is suitable for filtration due to its balanced composition of sand, silt, and clay particles, which allows for adequate permeability, good drainage, and effective filtration

A

Sandy Loam

53
Q

It is the biological process of sequential reduction of nitrogen oxides in the form of nitrate and nitrate to oxygen nitrogen containing gases like nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and finally forming dinitrogen

A

Denitrification

54
Q

This practice is being done by farmers to break pest and disease cycles and minimize the buildup of toxic elements in the soil

A

Crop rotation

55
Q

it depletes organic matter, impacting nutrient retention and reducing crop growth

A

Cultivation

56
Q

refers to the capture, storage, treatment, and utilization of animal manures in an environmentally sustainable manner

A

Manure management

57
Q

A plant uses all the nutrients available in the root zone

A

FALSE

58
Q

a metabolic process by which microorganisms like bacteria, fungus, archaea, and protists receive energy and nutrients to sustain life and perform their varied tasks

A

Microbial metabolism

59
Q

an example of nutrient transformation where microbial degradation and eventual escape of nitrogen gas occurs

A

Denitrification

60
Q

these types of plants are more efficient in nutrient uptake than row crops

A

perennial plants

ab waste (4 decks)

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