Quizzes Chapters 1-9 Flashcards
The regular spacing of planets in our Solar System requires a planet be present between Mars and Jupiter. Why isn’t one there?
The gravitational pull of Jupiter prevented one from forming.
What is the Geocentric Universe Concept?
That everything orbits the Earth
Nebular Theory explains why:
All planets orbit the Sun in the same direction and in the same direction the Sun spins
In the expanding Universe, why do nebulae form?
Gravitational attraction of particles
When does a protostar become a star?
When nuclear fusion reactions begin
When does a Supernova occur?
When pressures are so great, electron and protons combine to form neutrons
Which of the following is NOT necessarily true of a planet?
It has one or more moons.
Differentiation of the core from the mantle early in the Earth’s history was possible because the planet was __________ at the time.
very hot
During ancient times, Eratosthenes measured the difference in angles of the Sun’s rays in two different locations in Egypt at the same time to calculate the __________.
circumference of the Earth
Our Solar System belongs to a galaxy known as __________.
the Milky Way
Which of the following statements about moons is correct?
All moons orbit a planet.
By far the most common elements in the Universe and in our Solar System are __________.
hydrogen and helium
The Big Bang theory states that __________.
all matter in the Universe was once confined to a single point
Which of the following bodies is the smallest?
planetesimal
Which planet in our Solar System has the highest mass?
Jupiter
The Earth’s magnetic field is generated by:
Convection currents in the outer liquid core
Silicate minerals are dominated by two elements. What are they?
Silicon and Oxygen
Which rock type dominates the Earth’s mantle?
Peridotite
The part of the atmosphere responsible for our weather is the
Troposphere
The boundary between the crust and mantle is called the
Mohorovicic discontinuity
Earth’s atmosphere is dominated by
Nitrogen
The most abundant element in the Earth is
Iron
The region of space shown below as a gray oval that represents the outer reach of solar winds is termed the __________.
Heliosphere
From left to right, correctly label each section of this slice of the Earth. Note that 1 starts at the surface of the Earth and 6 ends at the center of the Earth.
crust, upper mantle, transition zone, lower mantle, liquid outer core, solid inner core