Quizzes Flashcards
Vincristine is an alkaloid derived from the plant Catharanthus roseus (Rosy Periwinkle). It is used as treatment for which of the following diseases/conditions
Leukemia
Which one continent or region is the place of origin of all of the following staple foods: millet, sorghum, teff, wheat and yam?
Africa
Cardiac glycosides bind to and inhibit which of the following?
Na+/K+ ATPase
Plant knowledge was extensively known by which of the following groups of individuals during during the 19th century according the reading #3 (Medical Botany) ?
pharmacists
all choices are correct
medical students
by children living in the countryside
botanists
all of the above
What do yarrow, boneset, and wormwood have in common?
they were commonly recognized by country folk
they were often used medicinally
all are correct
they have floral characteristics of the Asteraceae
all of the above
“…but what is a good description today may be a very poor description five years from now, owing to the discovery of new material influencing the limitation of species.”
Which of the statement/statements discussed below are consistent with the above passage?
this was certainly understood in 1897
this could certainly be said today because of the use of biotechnology including DNA sequencing
both are correct
An important skill for students described in the “Medical botany” (reading #3) from 1897 (that may have value even today!) is to observe, as well as to record one’s observation both in writing and by means of sketches.
true
Based on Reading # 3 Medical Botany (1897), which of the following two statements are true or may be inferred?
The American Medical Association existed in the 19th century.
Mix-up between “tansy” and “pansy” illustrates one of the dangers of using common names.
both are true
How do apes benefit best from the antihelmintic (eg nodular worm), antiamoebic? , antitumor? , antibiotic properties? of sesquiterpene lactones present in various species of Vernonia amygdalina?
bitter pith chewing
When grown alone (axenic conditions), the macroalga Ulva mutabilis (a eukaryote) develops into an undifferentiated callus with atypical cell wall formation, slow growth and absence of cell differentiation. Creating a tripartite community in the laboratory with Roseovarius and Maribacter species of bacteria (both prokaryotes) similar to what is found naturally in the aquatic environments leads to the restoration of the Ulva morphogenesis.
pick all correct statements.
The bacterial species make thallusin and and/ or other chemicals that prevent the macroalga from differentiation and lead to callus formation
The bacterial species utilize macroalgal-derived glycerol and/or other metabolites as a carbon source
The successful tripartite community includes only eukaryotic species
The successful tripartite community includes both eukaryotic and prokaryotic species
The bacterial species make thallusin and and/ or other morphogens that help the macroalga with its differentiation
The successful tripartite community includes only prokaryotic species
The macro alga, Ulva depends upon morphogens secreted from bacteria for its normal development
The bacterial species utilize macroalgal-derived glycerol and/or other metabolites as a carbon source
The successful tripartite community includes both eukaryotic and prokaryotic species
The bacterial species make thallusin and and/ or other morphogens that help the macroalga with its differentiation
The macro alga, Ulva depends upon morphogens secreted from bacteria for its normal development
Match the plant toxins and their mechanism of toxicity
tropane alkaloids
cyanogenic glycosides
cardiac glycosides
inhibition of ACh receptors
inhibition of electron transport chain
inhibition of sodium-potassium ATPase pump leading to calcium accumulation
Component of a cell that binds or reacts with a chemical to produce a measurable response is known as a ________ for that chemical.
receptor
Match the following central agencies in the United States with their functions:
Nutritional supplement advertising
the clinical trial processes
the evaluation of food and drug safety
FTC
NIH
FDA
Which of the following is not a secondary metabolite?
glucose
Some examples of bacterial mediators are:
quorum–sensing molecules
phytohormones
bacterial lipid based molecules
vitamins
morphogens
Bitter pith chewing and leaf swallowing best falls under which category of self-medication in apes?
curative behaviors
Match each plant with the observation or characteristic mentioned in the Ape’s self-medication paper?
Trema orientalis (italics) belonging to the Cannabaceae family
Tabernanthe iboga (italics) belonging to the Apocynaceae family
Vernonia amygdalina (italics) belonging to the Asteraceae family
used for whole leaf swallowing by apes to rid of parasites
animals go into a wild frenzy on consuming these plant parts due to stimulants
used for bitter pitch chewing by sick apes
Biofilm development constitutes a progressive procedure where single cells adhere to surfaces through biopolymer secretion and then they proliferate these are embedded within a self-produced matrix containing extracellular polymeric substances like polysaccharides, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
true
“Leaflets of three, let them be!”
These words of wisdom will protect us from which toxic plant?
poison ivy
n Ape’s perspective, Reading # 7, Professor Huffman lists three aims of his chapter, which are those?
(many choice, Mark the three aims that apply)
identify overlap in non-human primate and human medicinal plant use
review the primate use of plants for health maintenance and self medication
list examples where the overlap between use of plants by non-human primates and humans is due to cultural belief that animals are source of medicinal knowledge
