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N395 - Maternity > QUIZZAM Terms > Flashcards

QUIZZAM Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Gravida

A

The number of pregnancies a woman has had. Always count the current pregnancy in this calculation. G1 - primigravida - first time woman pregnant

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2
Q

Para

A

The number of live births

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3
Q

ECD/EDD

A

Due date. Expected Date of Confinement. Expected Date of Delivery

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4
Q

LMP

A

First day of bleeding of the Last Menstrual Period

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5
Q

Doula

A

Mother’s the mother for either labor or postpartum. No nursing responsibilities, supports laboring woman and her partner, offers individualized care and labor support

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6
Q

CNM

A

Certified Nurse Midwife. RN with advanced training in labor, birth, prenatal care, well woman care for women throughout the lifespan

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7
Q

Perinatologist

A

Obstetrician with advanced training in high risk obstetrics

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8
Q

Obstetrician

A

MD or DO with advanced training in obstetrics and gynecology care

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9
Q

Family physician or GP

A

GP: General Practitioner, family MD, cares for whole family unit, rarely attends woman in birth, but in rural areas might

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10
Q

Neonatologist

A

Pediatrician with advanced training in neonates, cares for extremely high risk babies from birth through discharge, doctor for premies

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11
Q

NNP

A

Neonatal Nurse Practitioner who cares for sick infants and premature

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12
Q

Level I Hospital

A

Community or rural hospital, cannot care for sick babies, transports to high risk center

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13
Q

Level II Hospital

A

Takes care of moderately ill neonates: Example Alamance Regional Hospital

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14
Q

Level III Hospital

A

High risk tertiary hospital, the highest of the high risk, example DUKE, Wake Med Raleigh, UNC.

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15
Q

Birth Center

A

Site of births for very low risk women, usually attended by CNM and doulas + RN for the birth

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16
Q

Term Gestation

A

37-42 weeks gestation

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17
Q

Fetal heart tones (FHT) at birth

A

110-160 BPM

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18
Q

Leopold’s maneuvers

A

4 precise maneuvers used to locate the fetal back, fetal shoulder, presenting part. This aids the nurse in the correct placement of the fetal monitor or where to listen for the fetal heart tones

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19
Q

Doptone

A

Hand held ultrasonic device used to listen to fetal heart tones. Must be used with conductive gel

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20
Q

Unit policy

A

Hospital or unit specific guidelines that outline the specifics of care or a procedure. The first benchmark to which care is evaluated

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21
Q

Standard of care

A

What any reasonably prudent nurse would do in similar circumstances. Usually written by professional organization, has national implications and is evidenced-based.

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22
Q

BOW Bag of waters

A

Amniotic sac, filled with amniotic fluid

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23
Q

AROM Artificial Rupture of Membranes

A

Amniotomy. Common, induces labor, natural as it happens later spontaneously.
Risk infection, prolapse cord

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24
Q

SROM Spontaneous Rupture of Membranes

A

Generally occurs at height of intense contraction. If not engaged, danger of prolapse. Danger of infection after 12-24 hours.

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25
PROM
Premature Rupture of Membrane. ROM before labor begins.
26
PPROM
Preterm Premature Rupture Of Membrane. PROM when gestation is less than 37 weeks.
27
Dilation
Cervical os opens, pulled apart. 1-10 cm
28
Effacement
Cervix thins out, pulled up by contractions. In primigravidas effacement usually precedes dilation. Fully effaced is paper thin.
29
Station
How far down in pelvis engaging part of fetus has dropped. Relative to line between ischial spines. Negative is not to that line. Positive is past that line. Progress from negative to positive.
30
Complete Dilation
10 cm, or so much it cannot be palpated
31
Placenta Previa
Placenta is attached low in the uterus, total blocks the cervical internal os, partial partly blocks. Contractions cause bleeding here. High risk for vaginal birth.
32
Placenta Accrete (accreta?)
Placenta chorionic villi attach directly to the myometrium of uterus. 1 in 2000. Can be life threatening. Maternal hemorrhage and failure of placenta to separate after birth.
33
Abruptio placentae
Separation of normally implanted placenta from the uterine wall. Can be marginal, central, or complete.
34
Frank/Complete Breech
Fetal buttocks down, hips flexed, knees flexed or extended
35
Footling Breech
Fetal hips and knees extending and down
36
Double Footling Breech
Footling breech both feet down. Single is one foot down.
37
VBAC
Vaginal Birth After Cesarean.
38
Cesarean birth
Birth of an infant through abdominal and uterine incision.
39
Primary cesarean birth
Cesarean on a woman who has not had a cesarian before.
40
Repeat cesarean birth
Cesarian on a woman who has had a previous cesarian
41
Emergent cesarean birth
Performed when there is an unexpected delay, complication, etc in labor and a C-section is indicated. Not an emergency.
42
Emergency "crash" cesarean birth
Cesarean done when vaginal was planned, due to some issue with mother or baby
43
Classic cesarean birth
Upper uterine vertical incision, formerly done always, now almost never. More bleeding, more trouble with rupture on next pregnancy
44
Low transverse cesarean birth
Preferred method, low on uterus and transverse, within pubic hair so does not normally show. Takes more time.
45
LGA and SGA
LGA - Large for Gestational Age - at or above 90th percentile SGA - Small for Gestational Age - less than 10th percentile
46
Meconium
Thick tarry initial defecation of infant, formed in utero, amniotic.
47
Apgar score - what is it and why done
Score 0-10 1 and 5 minutes after birth. 0-2 on 5 scores. Heart rate, Respiration, Muscle Tone, Reflex Response, Skin color.
48
IUPC
Intrauterine Pressure Catheter - measures contractions - electronic pressure transducer inserted through os.
49
Fetal Scalp Electrode (FSE)
Fetal scalp electrode is the most accurate for fetal heart rate, as it provides ECG for fetus, analysis of PQRST waves
50
External Version
External Cephalic Version for breech - using hand motions on woman's abdomen to turn baby from breech to head down position to allow for vaginal birth
51
FTP Failure to Progress
Prolonged labor, lasting more than 20 (or 18-24) hours (first time mom) or 14 for experienced mom. May be called prolonged latent labor.
52
IUGR
Intrauterine Growth Restriction - advanced gestation and decreased growth potential of the fetus
53
HELLP
Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelet count. 10-20% severe preeclampsia cases, pre-term 1/2 of time. Fibrin-like material in liver causes lesions, necrosis, swelling, pain, may rupture. Very serious, tertiary care center.
54
DTR's
Deep Tendon Reflexes as a tool to determine need to start, adjust, or stop magnesium infusion. Low magnesium causes increased DTRs. Magnesium administered to prevent eclampsia.
55
Clonus
Series of abnormal reflex movements of the foot, induced by sudden dorsiflexion. Indicates hyperflexion, nervous system excitability, indicates risk of seizure eclampsia.
56
Hemorrhage by definition of cc's
> 500 ml after vaginal delivery > 1000 ml after cesarian Traditional
57
Laboring Down
Waiting to push. Rather than start pushing at 10 cm dilation, wait for an hour or more, letting contractions do all the work. When baby fully down in the birth canal, then push. Decreases pushing time, saves mother, good for baby in terms of oxygen and heart rate deceleration.
58
Prodromal labor
Pre-labor, false labor. Contractions and other signs that begin much the same way as labor, but do not end with the birth of a baby.
59
Latent labor
First stage of labor divided into three parts, latent and active labor and transition. Latent is 0-3 cm dilation, little or no descent, regular contractions every 3-30 minutes, 20-40 second duration, mild to moderate.
60
Active labor
Second part of first stage, contractions 2-5 min, 40-60 second duration, 4-7 cm dilated, moderate to strong contractions.
61
Transition
8-10 cm dilation. Contractions every 1.5-2 minutes, 60-90 seconds duration, strong.
62
First stage of labor
Beginning of true regular contractions through 10 cm dilation of cervix.
63
Second stage of labor
Begins at 10 cm dilation and ends with birth of infant.
64
Third stage of labor
Begins with birth of infant and ends with expulsion of placenta.
65
Water birth
Part of your labor, delivery, or both happen while you are in a birth pool filled with warm water.
66
Epidural
An injection that goes into the space outside the dura mater in the spine. Usually local anesthetic in lumbar. Provides a continuous pain block.
67
Local
Provide pain relief for a local area, not general overall.
68
Spinal
Spinal block - local into subarachnoid space for cesarean or other acute obstetrical emergencies
69
Episiotomy
Surgical incision to perineal body, midline or mediolateral. To prevent tears.
70
Preterm birth
Infant born prior to 37 weeks gestation
71
Neonatal jaundice
Yellowing of skin in newborn caused by bilirubin that should be excreted by the liver.
72
Acrocynosis
Normal at birth, first Apgar score. Where extremities are blue while rest of body is pink.
73
Engorgement of the breast
Breast is hot, swollen, painful. Happens gradually.
74
Mastitis of the breast
Sudden swelling on one side of breast, red and hot, intense pain. Usually after about 10 days. Fever and flu symptoms.
75
Abscess of the breast
Painful collection of pus that forms in the breast due to infection (mastitis).
76
Hematuria
Blood in the urine
77
Dysuria
Painful of difficult urination
78
Dysmeorrhea
Painful menstruation
79
Dyspareunia
Difficult of painful sexual intercourse
80
Gestational diabetes
During pregnancy, develop type II diabetes, where you have high blood sugar and your body has trouble using sugar.
81
Zygote
Fertilized egg with diploid DNA.
82
Embryo
Starts about day 15 and goes through week 8. Main external features and start of organs present.
83
Blastocyst
After several divisions of zygote, there is differentiation of cells. Contains inner cell mass and trophoblast.
84
In-vitro fertilization
Ovaries stimulated, eggs harvested, fertilized in laboratory, then placed into uterus
85
Gould's definition of labor
Normal labor naturally follows a SEQUENTIAL pattern. The woman experiences PAINFUL, REGULAR uterine contractions stimulating PROGRESSIVE effacement and dilation of the cervix and descent of the fetus, culminating in a spontaneous vaginal BIRTH of a healthy baby and the expulsion of placenta and membranes with no apparent complications in the mother or baby. It is STRENUOUS work. MOVEMENT has a critical role.
86
Mons Pubis
Swelling anterior, fatty
87
Labia Majora
Outer lips
88
Prepuce of clitoris
Area anterior to clitoris, extension of labia minora, covers glans clitoris
89
Clitoris (head of)
Very rich blood and nerve, erectile, primary erogenous organ
90
Vestibule
Boat shaped area inside labia minora
91
Urethral meatus
Opening to urethra
92
opening of Skene's gland
Posterior wall of urethra, secretions help lubricate vestibule for sexual intercourse
93
Hymen
Thin elastic collar surrounding vaginal opening.
94
Orifice of vagina
Border between external and internal genitals
95
Opening of Bartholin's glands
Under constrictor muscles of vagina, secrete mucus to enhance viability and motility of sperm
96
Labia minora
Folds of skin within labia majora with sebaceous glands for waterproof, lubrication, bacterial secretions
97
Fourchette
Posterior of labia minora, near anus
98
Perineal body
Between anus and vagina, site of episiotomy
99
Pouch of douglas
Separates rectum and upper vagina / uterus
100
Fornix
Hollow around cervix, sperm pools here just outside cervix
101
Ovary
Contains eggs
102
Fallopian tubes
Sperm, zygote travel in
103
Fimbriae
Fingers that reach from fallopian tubes to ovaries to catch eggs
104
Fundus of uterus
Rounded uppermost part of uterus
105
Uterine cornua
Elongated part where fallopian tubes enter
106
Isthmus of fallopian tube
Part that enters into uterus
107
Layers of uterus - 3
Perimetrium / myometrium / endometrium
108
Parts of uterus, sections - 3
Fundus Corpus (body) Isthmus
109
5 P's
Passenger - fetus and placenta. Presentation, lie, attitude, fetal position Passageway Powers Position - mom, movement, change position, gravity Psychological response

N395 - Maternity (1 decks)

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