Quizz Questions Flashcards
Which of the following muscles are supplied by the cervical plexus
a. Stylohyoid
b. Omohyoid
c. Mylohyoid
d. Geniohyoid
b. Omohyoid
The sternocleidomastoid muscle is innervated by the
a. Accessory (XI) nerve
b. Facial (VII) nerve
c. Cervical plexus
d. Vagus (X) nerve
a. Accessory (XI) nerve
The pharyngeal tonsil is located in the:
a. Roof of nasopharynx
b. Oropharyngeal isthmus
c. Lateral wall of the nasopharynx
d. Posterior wall of the laryngopharynx
a. Roof of nasopharynx
Damage to the sympathetic nerves of the head can result in:
a. Excessive sweating on one side of the face
b. Drooping of upper eyelid
c. Dilation of the pupil
d. All of the above
d. all of the above
All ofd the following are suprahyoid muscle EXCEPT:
a. Stylohyoid
b. Omohyoid
c. Mylohyoid
d. Geniohyoid
b. Omohyoid
The inferior thyroid artery is a branch of which artery?
a. Common carotid artery
b. External carotid artery
c. Thyrocervical trunk
d. Subclavian artery
c. Thyrocervical trunk
Which of the following muscles are accessory muscles of respiration (elevating the ribs during forced inspiration)
a. Levator scapulae muscles
b. Platysma muscles
c. Rhomboid major muscles
d. Scalene muscles
d. Scalene muscles
On either side of the thoracic inlet are the:
a. Openings of the Eustachian tube
b. Piriform recesses
c. Choanae
d. All of the above
b. Piriform recesses
Depression of the eyeball with the pupil in the midline is by which muscles:
a. Inferior oblique and medial rectus
b. Inferior rectus and inferior oblique
c. Superior oblique and inferior rectus
d. Superior oblique and inferior oblique
c. Superior oblique and inferior rectus
Which of the following layers of the scalp is referred to as the ‘danger area of the scalp’ because infections can spread within it and the cranial cavity
a. Loos connective tissue
b. Dense connective tissue
c. Periosteum
d. Aponeurosis
a. Loose connective tissue
The nasal septum is mainly composed of all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Ethmoid bone
b. Septal cartilage
c. Vomer bone
d. Maxillary bone
d. Maxillary bone
Following a traumatic brain injury, which artery can be ruptured, and the resulting intracranial bleeding (epidural hematoma) cause an increase in intracranial pressure
a. external carotid
b. superficial temporal
c. middle meningeal
d. facial
c. middle meningeal
All of the following statements about the buccinator muscle are tru EXCEPT:
a. it is supplied by the buccal branch of the mandibular (V3) nerve
b. it works in concert with the tongue to keep food between the teeth during cheqing
c. it is a muscle of facial expression
d. its contraction pulls the cheek against the teeth
a. it is supplied by the buccal branch of the mandibular (V3) nerve
During the wide opening of the mouth, the mandible is protracted (pulled forward) by which muscle?
a. Medial pterygoid muscle
b. Lateral pterygoid muscle
c. Masseter muscle
d. Temporalis muscle
b. Lateral pterygoid muscle
When a young man was posing for a portrait, the photographer noticed that he had a lopsided smile due to drooping of the mouth on one side. Damage to which cranial nerve would cause this paralysis?
a. Hypoglossal (XII)
b. Glossopharyngeal (IX)
c. Trigeminal (V)
d. Facial (VII)
d. Facial (VII)
The otic ganglion receives its pre-ganglionic parasympathetic fibres from which cranial nerve?
a. Vagus (X) nerve
b. Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve
c. Facial (VII) nerve
d. Trigeminal (V) nerve
b. Glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve
Which nerve originates near the hip joint and supplies the skin of the medial thigh and articular branches to the hip and knee joints?
a. obturator nerve
b. femoral nerve
c. tibial nerve
d. sciatic nerve
a. obturator nerve
Which branch of the sacral plexus passes through the greater sciatic foramen to supply the gluteus maximus?
a. pudendal nerve
b. sciatic nerve
c. superior gluteal nerve
d. inferior gluteal nerve
d. inferior gluteal nerve
The calcaneonaviclar (“spring”) ligament:
a. supports the metatarsal heads
b. helps support the medial longitudinal arch
c. helps support the lateral longitudinal arch
d. helps support the transverse arch
b. helps support the medial longitudinal arch
The femoral triangle is bounded by the:
a. sartorius muscle medially
b. adductor magnus laterally
c. inguinal ligament superiorly
d. none of the above
c. inguinal ligament superiorly
The femoral artery after passing through the adductor hiatus becomes the:
a. posterior tibial artery
b. peroneal (fibular) artery
c. anterior tibial artery
d. popliteal artery
d. popliteal artery
Which of the following muscles passes from the pelvis through the lesser sciatic foramen to insert on to the femur?
a. obturator internus
b. piriformis
c. quadratus femoris
d. gluteus minimus
a. obturator internus
The tarsal bone that transmits the weight of the body from the tibia to all other weight bearing bones of the foot is the:
a. navicular
b. talus
c. calcaneus
d. cuboid
b. talus
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint:
a. prevents anterior displacement of the tibia on the fixed femur
b. prevents posterior displacement of the tibia on the fixed femur
c. prevents anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia
d. prevents side to side movement of the knee joint
a. prevents anterior displacement of the tibia on the fixed femur
The spermatic cord contains all of the following EXCEPT:
a. pampiniform venous plexus
b. ejaculatory duct
c. testicular artery
d. ductus (vas) deferens
b. ejaculatory duct
A 72 y/o man comes to his physician for an annual checkup. Which of the following structures is most readily palpated during a rectal examination?
a. prostate gland
b. ejaculatory duct
c. epididymus
d. ureter
a. prostate gland
The lowest part of the abdominopelvic cavity of the female, in the erect position:
a. vesico-uterine pouch
b. recto-uterine pouch
c. pubo-rectal pouch
d. recto-vesical pouch
b. recto-uterine pouch
The left ovarian vein drains into the:
a. left internal iliac vein
b. inferior vena cava
c. left renal vein
d. left common iliac vein
c. left renal vein
The pelvic floor is a thin muscular structure that supports which of the following structures:
a. urinary bladder
b. uterus
c. rectum
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
The muscles of the perineum receive their primary motor supply by what nerve?
a. sciatic
b. pudendal
c. ilioinguinal
d. genitofemoral
b. pudendal
A woman comes to the hospital for uterine cancer surgery. As the uterine artery passes from the internal iliac artery to the uterus, it crosses superior to which of the following structures that is sometimes mistakenly ligated during such surgery?
a. ovarian artery
b. uterine tube
c. ureter
d. round ligament of the uterus
c. ureter
All of the following statements about the ischiorectal (ischio-anal) fossa are true EXCEPT:
a. it is a fat-filled space
b. it allows expansion of the anal canal during defecation
c. it has the pudendal canal on its medial wall
d. its lateral wall is mainly formed by the ischium and obturator internus muscle and its fascia
c. it has the pudendal canal on its medial wall
Fused tothe perineal membrane is (are) the:
a. prostate gland
b. sphincter urethrae
c. crura of the clitoris and bulbs of vestibule
d. bulbourethral (Cowper’s) glands
c. crura of the clitoris and bulbs of vestibule
All of the following are distinguishing features of the largest intestine EXCEPT:
a. plicae circularis
b. teniae coli
c. haustra
d. epiploic (omental) appendages
a. plicae circularis
Which of the following have an incomplete closure of the peritoneal cavity?
a. females
b. males
c. females and males
d. neither females or males
a. females
Which of the following statements applies to the right kidney?
a. it is crossed in the hilar region by the pancreas
b. the superior pole is covered by the stomach
c. it is intraperitoneal
d. it is usually slightly lower than the left kidney
d. it is usually slightly lower than the left kidney
In exploratory surgery of the abdomen, where would an incision be made to separate the right and left rectus sheath?
a. linea alba
b. semilunar line
c. tendinous intersection
d. arcuate line
a. linea alba
The cystic duct joins which of the following ducts to form the common bile duct?
a, accessory pancreatic duct
b. main pancreatic duct
c. common hepatic duct
d. spiral duct
c. common hepatic duct
Examination of a patient reveals an isolated tumour located at the porta hepatis of the liver. This tumour MOST LIKELY compresses which of the following structures?
a. cystic duct
b. left gastric artery
c. hepatic veins
d. portal veins
d. portal veins
Which of the following are posterior branches of the abdominal aorta?
a. lumbar arteries
b. gonadal arteries
c. suprarenal arteries
d. renal arteries
a. lumbar arteries
The blood supply of the suprarenal gland is:
a. suprarenal artery
b. inferior phrenic artery
c. renal artery
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
All of the following are branches of the lumbar plexus EXCEPT:
a. iliohypogastric nerve
b. pelvic splanchnic nerve
c. genitofemoral nerve
d. lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
b. pelvic splanchnic nerve
The deep inguinal ring is an opening (evagination) of which layer of the anterior abdominal wall?
a. external oblique muscle
b. transversalis fascia
c. transversus abdominis muscle
d. internal oblique muscle
b. transversalis fascia
Describe the normal anatomy of the TMJ.
The TMJ is a synovial modified hinge joint found between the head of the mandible and mandibular fossa of the temporal bone. Between these two articular surfaces is a fibrocartilaginous joint.
What muscles are involved in the TMJ? Indicate what movement they produce.
- Lateral pterygoid - protrusion and opening of the mouth
- Temporalis - close the mouth and retraction of the jaw
- Masseter - close the mouth
- Medial pterygoid - close the mouth
How does the clicking sound and pain stem from in the TMJ?
The clicking sound often arises from the displacement of the disc anteriorly. Often caused by a lateral pterygoid strain. The disc has no vascularization or innervation so when it is in the right place, no pain would arise.
What are the roots of the ulnar nerve and which trunk is this a part of in the brachial plexus
The ulnar nerve arises from C8 and T1 which makes up the inferior trunk of the brachial plexus.
Where does the ulnar nerve travel?
After leaving the brachial plexus, the ulnar nerve travels down the posterior compartment of the arm and through the cubital fossa. After passing through the cubital fossa, it travels anteriorly down the ulnar (medial) side of the forearm to pass under the flexor retinaculum and enter the hand.
Describe the surfaces of the hand supplied by cutaneous branches of the ulnar nerve.
palmar and dorsal aspects
of the medial 1 ½ digits (digits 4 and 5) and adjacent palm
Describe the normal anatomy of the ACL and PCL
These are deep ligaments of the knee and prevent the posterior (PCL) or anterior (ACL) dislocation of the tibia on the fixed femur.
Describe the normal anatomy of the LCL and MCL
These ligaments stabilize the hinge motion of the knee and prevent excessive medial and lateral movement. The MCL joins the distal femur to the proximal tibia. The LCL joins the distal femur to the proximal fibula.
Describe the normal anatomy of the medial meniscus and lateral meniscus
The menisci help to cushion the knee, acting as shock absorbers. They are c-shaped fibrocartilaginous pads on the condyles of the tibia.
What mechanism is most likely to have caused the ‘unhappy triad’
The hard hit of the lateral side of the knee is the mechanism that has most likely caused this. This leads to a force pushing the knee medially, putting significant strain on the MCL, ACL, and medial meniscus.
Which branch of the aorta supply the head.
- common carotid arteries
Where do the left and right common carotid arteries arise from?
Left = arise directly from the aorta
Right = arise from the brachiocephalic trunk
What do the common carotid arteries birfucate into to supply the head?
the internal and external carotid arteries.
Which branch of the aorta supplies the upper limb
the subclavian arteries
Describe the pathway of the subclavian arteries into the arm
they continue into the axilla where they become the axillary arteries and then into the arm as the brachial artery then into the forearm as the radial and ulnar arteries.
describe the pathway of the abdominal aorta down to supply the lower limb
the abdominal aorta bifurcates into the left and right common iliac arteries and then further divide into the external and internal iliac arteries. The external iliac arteries continue to the lower limb where they become the femoral artery after passing through the femoral triangle. It then passes through the popliteal fossa and becomes the popliteal artery to supply the rest of the lower limb
describe the pathway of the abdominal aorta down to supply the pelvis
the abdominal aorta bifurcates into the left and right common iliac arteries and then further divide into the external and internal iliac arteries. The internal iliac arteries then supply the pelvic and gluteal region, including the pelvic organs and muscles.
