QUIZZ 1

Question 1

What’s HUMINT ?

Answer 1

Human intelligence = encompasses all information that can be garnered by human beings as sensors. Information can be collected by direct observation or by a verbal exchange.

Question 2

What are the different techniques of HUMINT ?

Answer 2

• Human elementary research (HER) ;
• Specialized human research (SHR).

Question 3

Human elementary research (HER)

Answer 3

it’s a basic method to collect information on the field. Information is collected by any military personal operating within the Area of Operation.

Question 4

Specialized human research (SHR)

Answer 4

There are 2 types :
1) Human research with contact = management of Human Resources cooperative or not, such as prisoners.
2) Human research without contact = reconnaissance or surveillance.

Question 5

The pros of HUMINT ?

Answer 5

• good knowledge of the human environment (resources, living conditions, motivations, intentions, environment…)
• low cost

Question 6

The cons of HUMINT ?

Answer 6

• time limited use of HUMINT teams ;
• reliability of the information collected, possibility of intoxication ;
• need for trained linguists / interpreters ;
• highly related to the environment.

Question 7

What’s INMINT ?

Answer 7

Imagery intelligence = encompasses all information which can be collected from images.

-> it covers all operational and technological information garnered with electro-optical sensors.

-> it requires processing and primo-analysis by trained imagery specialists.

Question 8

How many different views of INMINT are there ?

Answer 8

3 : visible, infrared, radar

Question 9

What are the pros of visible ?

Answer 9

high to very high resolution and easy to analyse.

Question 10

What are the cons of visible ?

Answer 10

weather sensitive and daytime only.

Question 11

What are the pros of infrared ?

Answer 11

day and night, able to detect activities.

Question 12

What are the cons of infrared ?

Answer 12

humidity sensitive and very difficult to analyse.

Question 13

What are the pros of radar ?

Answer 13

day and night, all weather and complements optical.

Question 14

What are the cons of radar ?

Answer 14

radio sensitive and very difficult to analyse.

Question 15

How many means to take images ?

Answer 15

4 : satellite, aircraft, UAV, soldier

Question 16

What’s SIGINT ?

Answer 16

Signal intelligence = encompasses all information which can be collected from the electromagnetic spectrum.

It covers all operational and technical information resulting from a non-cooperative interception of electro-magnetic emissions.

It requires extensives processing and the intervention of SIGINT specialists and linguists.

Question 17

SIGINT is divided into how many sub-domains ?

Answer 17

2 : communication intelligence (COMINT) and electronic intelligence (ELINT).

Question 18

What’s COMINT ?

Answer 18

Information collected from audio communication and CIS

= concerns transmissions (content of communication)

Question 19

What’s ELINT ?

Answer 19

Information collected from electromagnetic signals that are not communication carriers.

= concerns EM emissions (signal envelope).

Question 20

What are the pros of SIGINT ?

Answer 20

• ability to intercept adverse emission and communication ;
• useful to know what going on opposite side ;
• allows to detect and analyse opponents radars, weapon systems and to eventually deceive them (EW : electronic warfare??).

Question 21

What are the cons of SIGINT ?

Answer 21

• field, weather and passivity : enemy must emit ;
• the few mobile SIGINT teams are vulnerable ;
• technical analysis is complex and time demanding ;
• trained linguists and technical experts are mandatory.

Question 22

what’s OSINT ?

Answer 22

This is the search for available information on the internets.

Question 23

What’s “white” within OSINT ?

Answer 23

It concerns the information openly available that are indexed by search engines.

Question 24

What’s “grey” within OSINT ?

Answer 24

It concerns the information available on specific websites that sometimes are not indexed.

Question 25

What’s “dark” within OSINT ?

Answer 25

It concerns information from the dark web or which is collected illegally, such as hacking.

Question 26

What are the different tools or techniques for OSINT ?

Answer 26

• Automatic search and collect by dedicated software using keywords.
• social network watch, social engineering (SOCINT).
• Image searches, EXIF data, IP tracking…

Question 27

Warning about OSINT ?

Answer 27

Need of specific computer configuration and a real expertise to avoid defacing and cyberattack.

Question 28

What are the pros of OSINT ?

Answer 28

A lot of info, sources, real time, you’re anonymous, cheap and easy.

Question 29

What are the cons of OSINT ?

Answer 29

too much infos, a lot of fakes, risks of contamination, not sure to be anonymous and can be time consuming.

Question 30

What’s COMPIT ?

Answer 30

Computer intelligence = works on seized enemy electronic devices, from computer central units to smartphones, including electronic components such as IEDs (improvised explosive devices), SIM cards and HDDs (hard disk drives).

Question 31

What’s the intelligence cycle ?

Answer 31

Planning and direction > Collection > Processing > Analysis and production > dissemination and feedbacks

Question 32

What are the characteristics of planning and direction ?

Answer 32

• it’s critical to the success of all intelligence program ;
• it answers the question “what is our objective and what do we need to know to achieve it?” ;
• it’s a command group responsibility
• to start : all intelligence people need to receive the Commander’s critical information requirement (CCIRs).

Question 33

What’s CCIRs ?

Answer 33

These are the elements of information that directly affects décision making and dictate the successful execution of military operations. The key to effective information management is answering the CCIR.