quiz1-Biotechnology Flashcards
what are monoclonal antibodies and what are they used for?
Theyre antibodies which have been cloned.
They are used primarily for diagnostic use. For example, a monoclonal antibody when placed inside a person with Hepatitis can generate a response
DNA sequencing Machines. What is it?
The human genome was mapped for the first time in 2003. DNA sequencing machines can determine if a person has a predisposition to a disease.
What is pharmacogenomics?
Pharmacogenomics is the study of determining a persons reaction to individual drugs
What are genetically Engineered microbes?
Microbes that are not created naturally. e.g. insulin was first created in engineered Ecoli bacteria. It’s now more commonly produced in yeast
What is biotechnology?
It’s the exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes, especially the manipulation of microorganisms for the production of antibiotics
What are the areas of biotechnology?
Pharmaceuticals, diagnostic antibodies, tissue engineering, GM technology, bioreactors manufacturing compounds
Who is the largest Biomed Company in Australia and what do they do?
CSL. Pharmaceuticals
What are the two types of antibacterials?
- Antibiotics
2. Bacteriophage
Explain 2 things each about antibiotics and bacteriophages
Antibiotics: Antibiotic resistance is a big problem
Bacteriophage: They invade bacterial cells and kill the bacteria
What are Lymphocytes?
Type of white blood cell that kill infected cells.
What are Drug Delivery Implants
They are implants (permanent and non permanent) that deliver drugs into the body of a patient. e.g. intravenous
Advantages over oral/parenteral dosages :
1. Allow specific drug administration.
- allows for lower doses of drug
- less side effects
Out of Pancreas, Kidney and Liver, what type of artificial implant has not been created or is in the works?
Artificial Liver has not yet been created. The artificial Pancreas has been created and the artificial liver is in progress (Singapore)
What type of diabetes is insulin dependent and which is insulin resistant
Type 1: Insulin dependent
Type 2: Insulin Resistant
What is Afamelanotide? Give 2 facts.
Tanning and photo protective drug.
1. its delivered by biopsy needle
- Drug incorporated into biodegradable polymer implant
What is a drug eluting Stent?
It’s a stent that releases drugs into the body.
It’s placed into narrowed, diseased coronary or peripheral arteries.
Stent slowly releases the drug to block cell reproduction.
Leeches immunosupressive and anti cell proliferation drugs that prevent fibrosis (scarring).
