Quiz weaknesses Flashcards
When did the National Health Service begin?
5th July 1948
When was the iron and steel industry nationalised?
1949
When was the Schuman Plan rejected?
1951
How do you define consensus?
Common agreement between the parties on major issues and policies.
How do you define the balance of payments?
The difference between the cost of imports and the profits from exports.
How do you define collectivism?
The people and the state acting together with a common purpose, which necessarily meant a restriction on individual rights.
How do you define socialism?
The movement for the creation of social equality by means of economic and social regulation.
What were Beveridge’s ‘five giants’?
want, disease, ignorance, squalor and idleness.
What part of Labour’s constitution committed it to nationalisation?
Clause IV
Due to the Cold War, what figure did defence spending rise to? It had been £2.3 billion.
£4.7 billion
Name three characteristics of austerity common during Atlee.
wartime rationing continuing, controls on wages and salaries, increased taxation and restrictions on imports
What was the Schuman Plan?
The Schuman Plan was a scheme to pool resources in the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).
Why did Attlee decide to reject the Schuman plan?
Attlee chose not to be involved with the support of the Conservative Party as they didn’t believe vital resources should be handed over to an undemocratic authority.
Name the five big decision Britain made regarding post-war international order.
- Joining the UN Security Council
- choosing to side with the USA in the Cold War divide
- granting Indian independence
- becoming a founding member of NATO
- Entering the Korean War as part of a UN force.
How much did Britain receive from Marshal Aid?
Britain received ten per cent of Europe’s share of $15 billion in return for granting trade concessions to the USA.
When did Britain become a founding member of the EFTA?
1959
When did Macmillan make his ‘wind of change’ speech?
1960
When did the Labour Party adopt unilateralism?
1960
Give four reason’s for Labour’s 1951 defeat.
Attlee’s government were worn out. Serious divisions had developed between the right and left wings of the party. Shrinking majority in the 1950 election damaged morale. Labour found it difficult to shake off its image of austerity.
Give four reasons for the Conservative’s 1951 win.
- Reorganisation of the party with younger members like Butler.
- Lord Woolton had reformed the finances and organisation of the party.
- Their attack on nationalisation of iron and steel gave a strong platform.
- Conservative’s projection of themselves of upholders of liberty and individualism against the deadening hand of state centralisation and collectivism.
What prompted the Commonwealth Immigrations Act (1962) which introduced to limit entry?
following Windrush (1948) immigration levels had increased. Despite outflow exceeding inflow tensions arose. Violence broke out in 1958 with riots in Nottingham, Bristol and London
Coined by the Economist in 1954; give two key principles of Butskellism.
The Conservative’s acceptance of a mixed economy and Keynesian economics meant that many of Labour’s aims were continued: maintain full employment and economic growth, expand the welfare state.
Italy’s industrial growth rate had reached 5.6%, what was Britain’s?
2.3%
The Profumo affair was only one of the scandals that the Conservative’s faced; name two others.
Kim Philby revealed as Soviet spy in the heart of the Establishment; Argyll divorce was a lurid court case where the public heard about a government minister allegedly in a pornographic photo.