Quiz set

Question 1

What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

Answer 1

Nitrogen base, Phosphate, Deoxyribose

Question 2

What are the four nitrogen bases?

Answer 2

Thymine, Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine

Question 3

How do the bases pair up?

Answer 3

A-T, C-G

Question 4

Why are the bases and their order important?

Answer 4

Because every base needs to match up correctly to work.

Question 5

What is the shape of DNA called?

Answer 5

Double Helix

Question 6

Define dominant and recessive.

Answer 6

Dominant-The trait that will appear
Recessive-The trait that will only appear with the absence of a recessive allele

Question 7

What is the difference between a genotype and phenotype?

Answer 7

Genotype-Genetic code
Phenotype-The physical appearance of that code

Question 8

Define Homozygous and Heterozygous

Answer 8

Homozygous-Same alleles
Heterozygous-Different alleles.

Question 9

What is an allele?

Answer 9

One member of a pair of genes

Question 10

How is sickle cell anemia an example of natural selection in humans?

Answer 10

Because sickle cell anemia was when red blood cells looked like a crissoint but helped the person become more resistant to malaria.

Question 11

In an area with Malaria, why is heterozygous the best option for a carrier of the sickle cell allele?

Answer 11

Because one normal gene and one sickle cell gene was the best at stopping malaria.

Question 12

Define each step to a NEW SPECIES

Answer 12

Separation: Part of a population becomes isolated from the rest.

Question 13

Define each step to a NEW SPECIES

Answer 13

Adaptation: Natural Selection constantly improves fit between species & environment.

Question 14

Define each step to a NEW SPECIES

Answer 14

Divergence: Differences start to build genetically and behaviorally

Question 15

What is gene frequency?

Answer 15

a measurement of how frequent an allele is in a population.

Question 16

How is genetic drift different from natural selection?

Answer 16

Genetic drift is random and natural selection is not.

Question 17

What is the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?

Answer 17

States that allele frequencies in a population will remain constant unless one or more factors cause those frequencies to change.

Question 18

Explain the equation p + q = 1

Answer 18

describes the frequency in alleles in a population.

Question 19

What are the 5 conditions to maintain Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Answer 19

11. THERE MUST BE RANDOM MATING
12. THE POPULATION MUST BE VERY LARGE
13. THERE CAN BE NO MOVEMENT INTO OR OUT OF THE POPULATION
14. NO MUTATIONS
    NO NATURAL SELECTION