Quiz Questions Flashcards
What is accurate about the feudal political system of the Middle Ages?
It applied to people in a rural setting, it placed aristocrats at the top rung of the political ladder, and it placed peasants at the bottom rung of the political ladder
The Franciscans and other mendicant orders were a 13th century development of _____, a devotional and reform movement within the Christian church since the time of Constantine .
Monasticism
Which institution demonstrated its power through several lay investiture controversies and the crusades, reaching its apex in the Central Middle Ages?
The papacy
From around 1309-1378, the pope lived in _____, a time which some contemporaries called the “Babylonian captivity of the church.”
Avignon
Thomas Aquinas represented the height of the ______ philosophy of the Medieval university, which was strongly influenced by Aristotle.
Scholastic
The new approach to learning of the Renaissance was called ______. It emphasized going back to the Greek and Latin classic sources and favored Plato over Aristotle.
Humanism
In his “Book of the Family,” Leon Battista Alberti affirmed values of the powerful new _______ class, which helped create the Italian city states where the Renaissance first flourished.
bourgeois
_____, “the magnificent” was part of a powerful banking family, the de facto ruler of Florence until 1492, and a poet of the Italian vernacular.
Lorenzo de Medici
Giovani Boccaccio’s _____ had stories about lascivious monks, a clever woman who fools her husband by pretending to be another woman, a parable that implied the three world religions were equally true, and other irreverent topics.
Decameron
_____, whom some consider the first published feminist, wrote in one of her books, “[Woman] was created in the image of God…God…placed wholly similar souls, equally good and noble, in the feminine and masculine bodies.”
Christine de Pizan
Pope Sixtus IV (1471-1484) began construction on ______.
the Sistine Chapel
Rodrigo Borgia as _____ had a court that was “corrupt beyond distinction.” He had sixteen children including a son, Cesare Borgia, a ruthless ruler and one of the inspirations of Machiavelli’s “The Prince?”
Pope Alexander VI
_____ was a Dominican preacher and prophet who criticized the wealth and excess of Florence, as well as the current pope. He was excommunicated and then executed in 1498.
Savonarola
Pope ____ (1503-1513) was known as the warrior pope for his conquest of Bologna. He was also a patron of Michelangelo.
Julius II
_____ was pope during the time of Martin Luther’s “Ninety-five Theses.”
Leo X
_____ used the tools of humanist scholarship: historical, linguistic, and logical analysis, to prove that the Donation of Constantine, supposedly written in the fourth century CE, was a forgery written hundreds of years later.
Lorenzo Valla
According to Machiavelli, is it better for a prince to be loved or feared?
It is best to be both, but if you have to choose one, fear is better.
What two animals does Machiavelli use to describe the two approaches a prince should take to leadership?
a lion and a fox
What statement below most accurately describes Thomas More’s “Utopia?”
It is a thought experiment about a hypothetical ideal society.
The Utopians believed that before a couple was married, they should ______.
see each other naked
_____ wrote “by showing…how the arts had reached the summit of perfection after such humble beginnings, and how they had fallen into complete ruin from such a noble height…[the reader] will now be able to recognize the progress of art’s rebirth.”
Giorgio Vasari
_____ who lived in the 13th and 14th was one of the first painters of the Renaissance. He innovated by painting directly from nature and using vanishing point perspective.
Giotto
_____’s David was the first free-standing nude sculpture of the Renaissance era. The video we watched in class pointed out David’s contrapposto posture.
Donatello
_____’s most famous paintings are of Roman mythological subjects. Two of them are of the “birth” of someone or something.
Sandro Botticelli
_____ was a painter and polymath whose notebooks describe paintings as a science and include designs predicting technology that would be invented centuries later.
Leonardo da Vinci
Who painted the School of Athens?
Raphael Sanzio
Who was the first woman admitted to the Florentine School of Design?
Artemisia Gentileschi
_____ was a Renaissance era choral composer who advanced the use of counterpoint and polyphony.
Giovanni Palestrina
Who created the painting, “The Mourning of Christ?”
Giotto
Who (aside from Donatello) created a statue of David, but in a confident, relaxed stance with the slingshot thrown over his shoulder?
Michelangelo
According to William Estep, what was the difference between the Northern Renaissance and the Italian Renaissance?
The Northern Renaissance was more religious and the Italian Renaissance was more secular.
What is accurate concerning the Brethren for Common Life?
It founded several schools, which influenced education across Europe, their curriculum was called the “devotio moderna” and it involved reading the Bible in the vernacular, and they influenced several famous scholars, including Erasmus.
_____ was the author of “The Imitation of Christ.”
Thomas a Kempis
_____ was a German Christian humanist and scholar of Hebrew who, unlike one of his opponents, believed that Jewish literature should not be destroyed.
Johannes Reuchlin
_____ was a fourteenth-century English priest who advocated for, among other things, translating the Bible into the vernacular so it could be read directly by all people.
John Wycliff
The ____ of England advocated several church reforms in 1395 that anticipated ideas of the Protestant Reformation two centuries later.
Lollards
_____was a Czech professor who advocated several church reforms on the basis of Scripture. He was sentenced to death by the Council of Constance but the movement he led in Bohemia continued.
John Huss
_____ (1467-1536), the most famous northern humanist, published a critical edition of the Greek New Testament.
Erasmus
Erasmus, in his “In Praise of Folly,” satirizes _____ who dispute whether God could have taken on the nature “of an ass, of a cucumber, of a piece of flint.”
theologians
Erasmus, in his “In Praise of Folly,” satirizes _____ who are fastidious in following rules about how to dress and neglect the most important precept, “namely charity.”
monks
