Quiz Pt 2 Flashcards
What are the 2 chromosomal abnormalities 
Change in chromosome number & structure
Why does chromosomal abnormalities happen?
Happens because of nondsjunction
What is nondisjunction?
When homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids don’t separate properly during meiosis
What can nondisjunction lead to?
Leads to monosomy or trisomy
What does aneuploidy mean?
Abnormal chromosome number
What stage of meiosis does nondisjunction happen in?
Happens in meiosis I or II
What does polyploidy mean?
Means abnormal chromosome number
What does ploidy mean
Means number of set
How many sets of chromosome does something have if it polyploidy
It has multiple
What cause a abnormal chromosome structure
Improper genetic material exchange during cross over
What are the types of error
Deletion ( removing a segment of DNA), duplication ( adding a segment of dna), inversion ( flipping a part of dna), and translocation ( relocating a segment of dna)
What does hereditary mean
Passing on traits to the off spring from the parents
What is the blending theory?
Offspring will inherit trait from both of their parents like a mix of both of them
What is P1
First crossing of genetic, aka the parent generation
What is F1
The offspring, final offspring
What is a model organism?
A well studied organism that helps us understand specific genetic processes
Why did Mendel choice pea plants?
Because the are easy to grow, breed, control the pollen,observe Constantine traits and they mature quickly.
What does genotype mean?
Is a specific allele combination
What is a phenotype?
The physical traits
What is homozygous?
Has the same alleles
What is heterozygous?
Has a mix of 2 different alleles
What is the law of segregation?
Gametes get 1 random gene copy to pass onto the the offspring
What is the principle of dominance?
Dominant allele mask the recessive
What is the law of independent assortment?
