Quiz one Flashcards
Levels of measurement acronym
NOIR
NOMINAL, ordinal, interval and ratio
What type of measurement has the lowest level of measurement and has no natural order?
Nominal
Examples of nominal data
Gender, group membership, marital status, color, religion, and type of car
Possible measures of nominal data
Mode, model, percentage, range, and frequency distribution
What type of measurement uses ordered categories, relative rankings and zero is arbitrary?
Ordinal
Examples of ordinal data
Likert scales, socioeconomic, status levels, sizes, class rankings, levels of satisfaction survey
True or false order matters in ordinal measures
True, but not the difference between values
Possible measures for ordinal
All nominal level tests, median, percentile, semi quartile range, rink order, coefficient of correlation
Define interval data
Difference between variables is consistent, but there is no true zero (think of a thermometer)
What are the three forms of research?
Quantitative qualitative and mixed methods
What is the difference between experimental and non-experimental approaches?
Experimental- control group, random assignment of groups, allows you to infer (inferential)
Non experimental- observational and cannot determine cause(independent v) and effect(dependent V) relationships
What is the Golden standard
Experimental approach is better than non-experimental
Define descriptive statistics
Methods used to summarize and organized data
Components of descriptive statistics
Central tendency, data visuals (graphs), and spreads
Define inferential statistics
Findings from data are generalized and then assumed for a larger population
What is sample vs population? give an example
A sample is a smaller group within a larger POPULATION
All of Bucknell’s students is a population, people in clubs at Bucknell is a sample
What are the three forms of central tendency
Mean median and mode
When do you use mean?
Use when data is numerical and not heavily skewed with extreme outliers
When do you use median
When data is skewed and has outliers because it is less affected by outliers
When do you use mode?
When data is categorical and you are interested in most common value
What is the preferred measure of central tendency?
Mean is preferred if data isnt heavily skewed
Equations for all three measures of central tendency
Mean = (all values added up)/(number of values) sigma X/n
Median = (n+1)/2
Mode = value that appears most
What does it mean to have data that is positively skewed?
Most of the values are small or low
Negatively skewed data
Most of the values are high or large
Define ratio data
Numerical data with consistent differences and an absolute zero (like age height)
