Quiz January Flashcards
Who replaced the French crown in making desicions? Who was affected by these desicions?
The British crown replaced the French crown. The decisions were affected by the colonial society in North America.
What is the Royal proclamation? Who issued it? When?
The first series of laws which made changes to the previously French territory and administration. The British gouvernement issued it in 1763
What two major chages concerning territory were brought on by the Royal proclamation?
The creation of the province of Quebec (consisted of mtl, trois rivières and Québec)
The creation of territories reserved for native populations.
Why were the 13 colonies upset with the British system?
Because they couldn’t expand their territory and only the natives were given land.
What was New France transformed into under British law? What were the purposes of this new territory?
Changed into the province of Quebec
Made for administrative purposes.
In 1763, what did the British crown reserve and for whom? Did this reservation apply to British colonists?
They reserved land in the Ohio valley and Great Lakes région for the native population. No, the British colonists had to have permission for the British authority to settle in this territory.
What was the reason for reserving land for the natives? What was the reservation of land in response to?
To keep the peace between British and native people. In response to Pontiac’s revolt when the British crown gave land to Pontiacs allies in exchange for peace to separate British from natives.
What replaced the military regime, by what?
The civilian gouvernement, placed in order by the Royal proclamation, ended military gouvernement?
Who held all power in the colony according to British crown? What did this person establish?
The gouverner general held all power, he established the council of Quebec which consisted of 12 consultants to help him in his duty.
Who was the first Governor General of the province of Quebec?What was he responsible for?
James Murray was the first Governor General in 1763. He was responsible for external and internal affairs.
Who advised the British monarchy? What responsibilities did these advisors hold?
The souvereign king/Queen (King GEORGE lll), the privy council and the parlement. They elected a Secretary of State for colonies.
What did the Secretary of State do?
Appointed the gouverner general of the North American colonies.
What were the powers of the gouverner general in the province of Quebec? What was the job of the gouverner generals council?
- Issuing and executing laws
- Serving as a commander of the army
- Right appoint judges
The council were consultants, they made no decisions
What form of law was put into place by the British in Quebec? Ow did these forms change laws?
Civil and criminal law were now in effect. Under this, political authorities no longer had judicial power and a chief judge administered justice in the courts.
What instructions did King George the third implement on James Murray?
The king wanted to establish British institutions in the colony
He wanted to implement ways to assimilate the canadiennes (change language,religion and living system)
What were the principle measures implemented by the king directed to the canadiens?
- Adopt the English language
- Divide lands into townships
- Apply English civil and criminal law
- Establish Anglican Church
- Construct Protestant schools
- Promote British immigration
- Impose the test act
- Create a legislative assembly banning Catholics from joining
Explain the Test Act. What did the test act force the canadiens to do?
The oath that the canadiens or former French subjects had to take in order to work in the province. It forced them to renounce their Catholicism and swear an oath of allegiance to the king
What was the reaction of gouverner Murray after reviewing the kings demands?
He felt the French population was too large to assimilate an that they couldn’t transform their lives completely as fast as the king wanted them to. Murray thought it was best to make the French loyal to the British crown rather than force them to change.
What were a few things that Murray did to compromise with the canadiens?
He postponed the development of the legislative assembly
he allowed the use of French civil law in cases only affecting the canadiens
he allowed canadiens to keep their religion and he let them not follow the test act rule.
What did the Catholic clergy do in response to the death of the bishop of NF? Who did Murray side with?
They allowed the British to appoint a new bishop. He sided with the catholic clergy and let a new catholic bishop be chosen.
What did Murray believe would make the Canadiens more cooperative to the British?
He aligned with the Catholic Church and showed tolerance to it. They would obey the British Souvereign.
Why were the 13 colonies upset with the British system of la2s?
Because they couldn’t expand their land and they weren’t getting any concessions made for them. The only concessions being made were for a conquered nation.
What did Murray’s concessions cause for British colonists? What did the British merchants in the thirteen colonies do in response to this?
It split them into 2 camps:
The French party who supported Murray
The English party who opposed Murray (they occupied the 13 colonies)
They British merchants petitioned for a legislative assembly so they could stop Murray from being in power
Who replaced Murray in 1766? What did this person do?
Guy Carleton replaced Murray as gouverner general. He basically did the same thing as Murray. He allowed the province of Quebec to keep its French character because of low British immigration rates and high canadiens brith rate.
Was there a change or continuity of gouvernement in British rule?
There was a continuity because the gouverner General was replaced, but was doing the same thing as the previous one.
