QUIZ Ch. 8 - Emergency Situations and All-Hazards Preparation Flashcards
The first-line drug used in the treatment of severe anaphylactic reaction is:
a.
epinephrine
b.
adenosine diphosphate
c.
oxidized cellulose
d.
thrombin
a.
epinephrine
The Joint Commission requires health care facilities to twice yearly practice their:
a.
Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START)
b.
National Incident Management System (NIMS)
c.
Emergency Action Plan (EAP)
d.
Point of Distribution (POD)
c.
Emergency Action Plan (EAP)
All of the following are emergency response agencies EXCEPT:
a.
ICS
b.
CDC
c.
NIMS
d.
LEMA
b.
CDC
Which medical specialist is probably BEST suited to perform disaster triage?
a.
ER physician
b.
surgeon
c.
anesthesiologist
d.
radiologist
a.
ER physician
What would be the primary role of the surgical technologist in an intraoperative cardiac arrest?
a.
Protect the sterile field unless directed otherwise.
b.
Break scrub and quickly pull an open-heart setup.
c.
Break scrub and dial 911.
d.
Perform chest compressions on the patient.
a.
Protect the sterile field unless directed otherwise.
Exposure of the population to anthrax and smallpox would be a result of which of the following?
a.
infrastructure incidents
b.
bioterrorism
c.
a chemical release accident
d.
natural disasters
b.
bioterrorism
The Delayed, Immediate, Minimal, and Expectant (DIME) categories are used in:
a.
labor and delivery
b.
weapons grading
c.
surgical scheduling
d.
disaster triage
d.
disaster triage
During an anaphylactic reaction, the surgical team must maintain the airway and provide supplemental oxygen or the patient may die of:
a.
stroke
b.
respiratory failure
c.
hypovolemia
d.
heart attack
b.
respiratory failure
What does the letter D stand for in reference to the chain-of-survival concept in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?
a.
death reduction
b.
definitive treatment
c.
depth of compression
d.
destination planning
b.
definitive treatment
Which biological disease poses to be one of the highest risks to nations:
a.
MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus)
b.
anthrax
c.
HIV
d.
hepatitis
b.
anthrax
Which of the following accounts for up to 90% of contamination and should be removed as soon as possible after exposure to a radiological disaster?
a.
hair
b.
ash
c.
dust
d.
clothing
d.
clothing
Which of the following substance is least likely to cause an anaphylactic reaction:
a.
contrast media
b.
insulin
c.
benadryl
d.
certain antibiotics
c.
benadryl
Injuries associated with an exploded nuclear device include:
a.
retinal injuries
b.
thermal/flash burns
c.
all of the above
d.
blast injuries
c.
all of the above
Health care workers can focus better on their job of patient care in disaster situations if they have done their own personal disaster planning in advance with their family members.
True
False
True
Which of the following disaster response units would include surgical technologist volunteer members?
a.
Disaster Mortuary Operations Response Team (DMORT)
b.
National Pharmacy Response Team (NPRT)
c.
Disaster Medical Assistance Teams (DMAT)
d.
Incident Command System (ICS)
c.
Disaster Medical Assistance Teams (DMAT)
Which term BEST describes the broad response plans in place applicable to any area of the country or any category of disaster?
a.
hot zoning
b.
emergency action plan
c.
all-hazards
d.
triage systems
c.
all-hazards
Clinical death begins how many minutes after the cessation of heart action and breathing:
a.
4-6
b.
2-4
c.
3-5
d.
1-3
a.
4-6
All of the following are chemical agents EXCEPT:
a.
nerve
b.
phosgene
c.
mustard gas
d.
tularemia
d.
tularemia
Which of the following terms describes a life-threatening condition if not immediately treated?
a.
heat exhaustion
b.
heat wave
c.
heat cramps
d.
heat stroke
d.
heat stroke
In which type of disaster would hot, warm, and cold zone triage protocols be used?
a.
nuclear plant meltdown
b.
storm surge flooding
c.
interstate highway pileup
d.
airline crash
a.
nuclear plant meltdown
DIC leads to the consumption of coagulation factors and
a.
plasma
b.
platelets
c.
white cells
d.
red cells
b.
platelets
Which of the following is a mild form of shock, due to the increase in blood flow to the skin, thus causing a reduction of blood flow to vital organs
a.
heat exhaustion
b.
hyperthermia
c.
heat stroke
d.
heat cramps
a.
heat exhaustion
The objectives of emergency care and trauma surgery are:
a.
to prevent deterioration of patient condition
b.
to preserve life
c.
all of the above
d.
to provide necessary care to restore the patient to his/her previous lifestyle
c.
all of the above
Which of the following is an emergent pathological process that creates systemic hypercoagulation followed by hypocoagulability and internal hemorrhaging?
a.
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
b.
malignant hyperthermia
c.
coronary heart disease
d.
anaphylactic reactions
a.
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
What process does the human body use to achieve natural hemostasis?
a.
transmission
b.
compensation
c.
transfusion
d.
coagulation
d.
coagulation
Which type of man-made disaster would cause the most varied physical trauma requiring surgical treatment?
a.
nuclear plant leak
b.
bioterrorist attack
c.
chemical gas spill
d.
factory explosion
d.
factory explosion
The depth of compressions for adults should be:
a.
2 inches
b.
1 inch
c.
3 inches
d.
1 1/2 inches
a.
2 inches
The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is a division of which governmental group?
.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
b.
Department of Homeland Security
c.
Food and Drug Administration
d.
Department of Health and Human Services
b.
Department of Homeland Security
The treatment for DIC includes:
a.
cryoprecipitate
b.
all of the above
c.
heparin
d.
transfusion of fresh frozen plasma
b.
all of the above
How long should a person performing disaster triage take to categorize patients for treatment?
a.
5-10 minutes
b.
2-5 minutes
c.
1 minute or less
d.
1-2 minutes
c.
1 minute or less
The 20101 AHA Guidelines for CPR stress activation of the ERS and follow:
a.
none of the above
b.
CAB (chest compressions, airway, breathing)
c.
BCA (breathing, chest compressions, airway)
d.
ABC (airway, breathing, chest compressions)
b.
CAB (chest compressions, airway, breathing)
Which natural disasters are classified numerically 1 through 5?
a.
hurricanes
b.
earthquakes
c.
tsunamis
d.
floods
a.
hurricanes
During triage of a chemical and nuclear disaster, victims are separated in order to contain the contamination. The warm zone
a.
is 50 feet from the hot zone
b.
is 500 feet from the hot zone
c.
is 300 feet from the hot zone
d.
is 1000 feet form the hot zone
c.
is 300 feet from the hot zone
Which member of the U.S. government makes a federal disaster declaration and mobilizes FEMA?
a.
governor
b.
secretary of state
c.
surgeon general
d.
president
d.
president
What is the clinical term for the lesions that appear on the skin of a patient experiencing an allergic reaction?
a.
carbuncles
b.
plaque
c.
urticaria
d.
abrasions
c.
urticaria
The lead federal agency that coordinates treatment to victims and food and shelter during a nationally declared emergency is called:
a.
EPA
b.
FEMA
c.
NDMS
d.
CDC
b.
FEMA
What would the circulating RN assess by weighing soiled sponges after use in a surgical procedure on a neonate?
a.
irrigation totals
b.
contamination
c.
blood loss
d.
potential retained object
c.
blood loss
All of the following are examples of man-made disasters EXCEPT:
a.
chemical or radiation release
b.
hurricane
c.
infrastructure incidents
d.
transportation accident
b.
hurricane
DIME triage categories for the “walking wounded” are color coded:
a.
yellow
b.
black
c.
red
d.
green
d.
green
Which type of natural disaster is the traveling of seismic waves outward from an epicenter and is measured by the Richter scale?
a.
tornado
b.
hurricane
c.
earthquake
d.
volcanic eruption
c.
earthquake
