Quiz Flashcards
International Refugee Organization
1946
UNHCR
1950
Goedhart
1951-1956:
- showed US strength/importance of UNHCR
- comparison to Inter-Governmental Committee for the Movement of Migrants (ICEM/PICMME)
Lindt
1956-1960
- helped Hungarian refugees, recognized on “prima faci” basis
- refugees from Algeria to Morocco and Tunisia
Schnyder
1960-1965
- refugee assistance as other tool from the West to fight Soviets
- brought in additional board members from North + sub-saharan Africa
- expanded program to Africa
Agha Khan
1966-1977
- established UNHCR as holder of norms + knowledge
- exertion of considerable influence on states (need for negotiation and compromise)
Refugee Convention
1951
Protocol to the Refugee Convention
1967
Refugee
a refugee is a person who is outside his or her country of nationality or habitual residence; has a well-founded fear of persecution because of his/her race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, and is unable or unwilling to avail him/herself the protection of that country, or to return there, for fear of persecution.
UNRWA
1950 = UN Relief and Works Agency
UNRRA
1943 = UN Relief and Rehabilitation Agency
Organization of African Unity
1969
Cartagena Declaration
1984
Comprehensive Solutions Strategy
2007, Tanzania:
- Voluntary return to Burundi
- Naturalization in Tanzania
1992
Mandate from UNSG on IDPs
1998
Guiding Principles on IDPs (30 principles, 60 languages)
Global Compact on Migration
2018
- to prevent negative factors sending migrants abroad
- to enhance the benefits of migration to everyone
- to create and enhance an orderly migration process
limitation of Global Compact on Migration
- no mention of IDPs
- no mention of integration or localities
International Convention on the Rights of all Migrant Workers and their Families
ICMRW 1990- led by Mexico and Morocco- not successful
1999
Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights of Migrants
2016
New York Declaration for Refugees and Migrants
- gender aggregated data collection
- combat racism and xenophobia
- private sector involvement
- finance lending schemes
1938
ILO (1919) Permanent Migration Committee
1953
Provisional Intergovernmental Committee on the Movement of Migrants from Europe
IOM functions
research
data collection
advise governments
assist displaced populations
UN Actors on Migrants/Refugees
OHCHR UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs 2018 UN Network on Migration UN Human Rights Council Special Representative of SG
Operation Wetback
1950
Immigration and Nationality Act + Amendments
1952 + amendments 1965
US Refugee Act
1951- Office for Refugee Resettlement, US Coordinator for Refugee Affairs
US Select Commission on Immigration and Refugee Policy
1978
1986
Immigration Reform and Control Act to curb unauthorized migration/offer amnesty
1989
Immigration Nursing Relief- unsettled in 1994
Immigration Act
1990
- Temporary Protected Status
- increased worldwide immigration limit
- removed from quota, immediate relatives of US citizens
- Diversity Visa
IRIRA and ATEDA
1996
Welfare Reform Law
1996
Nicaraguan Adjustment and Central American Relief Act
1997
Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act
2000
Patriot Act
2001
Homeland Security Act
2000 (ICE)
2004
ICE expansion of beds in detention centers and deportations