Quiz 9 - Stroop Flashcards
According to Lezak et al. (2012), what is the typical pattern of performance on Stroop-related
tasks?
a. People are faster to read words, printed in ink colors that are incongruent to the color name
depicted by the written word, and slower at naming the color of colored ink
patches.
b. People are faster to read color-name words, printed in black ink, and slower at naming
the color of colored ink patches.
c. People are faster to read words, printed in ink colors that are incongruent to the colorname
depicted by the written word, and slower at reading color-name words printed in
black ink..
d. People are faster at naming the color of colored ink patches, and slower to read color name
words printed in black ink.
b. People are faster to read color-name words, printed in black ink, and slower at naming
the color of colored ink patches.
People’s pattern and speed of response to the Stroop tasks has several possible explanations.
Which of the following is NOT one of those possible explanations?
a. People slow down & make more errors on the Stroop interference task due to response
conflict
b. People slow down & make more errors on the Stroop interference task due to failure of
response inhibition
c. People slow down & make more errors on the Stroop interference task due to reduced
vigilance and sustained attention.
d. People slow down & make more errors on the Stroop interference task due to failure of
selective attention.
c. People slow down & make more errors on the Stroop interference task due to reduced
vigilance and sustained attention.
What is a prepotent stimulus and why is this idea relevant to people’s performance on the
Stroop tasks?
a. The prepotent response is the way the brain pre-poses or brings ideas to mind. So
preposition of black-ink words on a page is more convincing than preposition of
incongruent-ink words on a page.
b. The prepotent response is a more automatic response that is given higher priority in the
mental process. So the automatic and higher-priority response of reading black-ink words
has to be suppressed / inhibited, allowing the incongruent-ink reading response to take
priority.
c. The prepotent response is a precursor to the component response, which is the first
response to the components of a stimulus. So, the brain registers the components of the
black-ink word stimuli earlier than it registers the components of the incongruent-ink
stimuli
d. The prepotent response is the idea that colors are the most potent visual stimuli. So, the
brain responds to the colors of the incongruent-ink words, making those more potent and
more accurate.
b. The prepotent response is a more automatic response that is given higher priority in the
mental process. So the automatic and higher-priority response of reading black-ink words
has to be suppressed / inhibited, allowing the incongruent-ink reading response to take
priority.
Lezak et al. (2012) talks about the different formats of the Stoop tasks. Which of the
following WAS NOT mentioned as a common variation in how the Stroop tasks are
formatted?
a. Stroop tasks vary in how many Stoop trials are administered. Some Stroop tasks comprise
only two trials while others administer as many as four Stroop trials.
b. Stroop tasks vary in how many black-ink or incongruent-ink words a test-taker has to
read. Some Stroop tasks ask people to read only 17 words, while others ask people to
read as many as 112 words.
c. Stroop tasks vary in how many colors are used in the trials. Some Stroop tasks will use as
many as eight colors, while others will use as few as four.
d. Stroop tasks will vary in how they are scored. Some Stroop tasks will only measure
speed of completion and errors made, while others will set time limits and measure how
many items are read/named in that time limit.
c. Stroop tasks vary in how many colors are used in the trials. Some Stroop tasks will use as
many as eight colors, while others will use as few as four.
According to Lezak et al. (2012), all of the following are accurate statements about
differences in male vs. female performance on the Stroop tasks, EXCEPT:
a. In large normative studies, women have proven to be more accurate and faster when
completing the Stroop tasks.
b. In a lab, women do better on the Stroop task that asks them to name colors
c. In large naturalistic studies, designed to establish norms for the Stroop, men and women
perform equally well on all Stroop tasks
d. In a lab, if you reduce how much anxiety people feel, while doing the Stroop, men
complete the Stroop tasks faster than women.
a. In large normative studies, women have proven to be more accurate and faster when
completing the Stroop tasks.
A neuropsychologist must consider several key aspects of patient’s history, because these
patient characteristics will change Stroop performance. All the following patient
characteristic should be considered, EXCEPT:
a. Patient’s inherent levels of anxiety
b. Patient’s word-reading skills & fluency
c. Patient’s vision competence, especially colorblindness.
d. Patient’s age, especially when older than 60
b. Patient’s word-reading skills & fluency
What pattern of Stoop performance clearly indicates that people’s focused attention becomes
fatigued while completing the Stroop tasks?
a. People tend to slow down when doing the second half of the ‘word-reading’ portion of
the Stroop.
b. People tend to slow down when doing the second half of the ‘color-naming’ portion of
the Stroop.
c. People tend to speed up when doing the second half of the ‘word-reading’ portion of the
Stroop.
d. People tend to slow down when doing the second half of the ‘interference’ portion of the
Stroop.
d. People tend to slow down when doing the second half of the ‘interference’ portion of the
Stroop.
According the MOST of the research, what kind of brain injury is most commonly
associated with impaired performance on the Stoop tasks?
a. Left frontal brain injury
b. Parietal brain injury
c. Right frontal brain injury
d. Temporal brain injury
a. Left frontal brain injury
FMRI studies find that the ___________________ plays an important role in people’s
ability to do well on the ‘interference’ portion of the Stoop task?
a. Medial geniculate nucleus
b. primacy auditory cortex
c. nucleus accumbens
d. anterior cingulate cortex
d. anterior cingulate cortex
According to the research, what kind of brain injury is most commonly associated with
increased error rate and slowed performance on the Stroop interference task?
a. Bilateral medial temporal injury
b. Left posterior frontal injury
c. Bilateral medial frontal injury
d. Left anterior parietal injury
c. Bilateral medial frontal injury
Lezak et al. (2012) would likely agree with all of the following statements, EXCEPT:
a. Dementia, even in its mildest form will noticeably slow performance on the Stroop
interference task
b. Elderly individuals who engage in cardiovascular exercise can mitigate the impact of
aging on their Stroop performance.
c. Neuro-degenerative disorders, like Parkinson and Multiple Sclerosis, appear to have no
negative impact on Stroop performance.
d. The Stroop is a good and sensitive measure of cognitive impairment, even in people who
are showing ‘good recovery’ five months after experiencing TBI.
c. Neuro-degenerative disorders, like Parkinson and Multiple Sclerosis, appear to have no
negative impact on Stroop performance.
