Quiz 9

Question 1

1. Factors that predispose an individual to DNA damage include:
Select one:
  a. exposure to toxins
  b. radiation exposure
  c. infection with certain viruses
  d. all the named factors

Answer 1

d. all the named factors

Question 2

2.
What is an ecosystem service NOT provided by microorganisms?
Select one:
  a. pollination  
  b. regulation of atmospheric gases
  c. formation of soils
  d. bioremediation
  e. nutrient cycling

Answer 2

a. pollination

Question 3

3. If we heated a DNA molecule to 94 degrees Celsius for three minutes, what would happen?
   Select one:
   a. the DNA would degrade
   b. the DNA would lose its activity
   c. the DNA would become single stranded
   d. the DNA would uncoil from the nucleosomes
   e. the double helix would flatten out

Answer 3

c. the DNA would become single stranded

Question 4

4.Which of the following is likely to be a recognition site for one of the enzymes used in DNA cloning?
Select one:
  a. GGCGCGCC
  b. CCCTTT
  c. GANTG
  d. AATTAA  
  e. ACTGACTG

Answer 4

a. GGCGCGCC

Question 5

5. If we start with a single DNA molecule, how many molecules will we end up with after eight cycles of PCR?
Select one:
  a. one molecule eight times as long
  b. 256  
  c. 1024
  d. 64
  e. 16

Answer 5

b. 256

Question 6

6. This is a method for rapidly generating many millions of copies of a specific gene
Select one:
  a. chemical synthesis
  b. microsatellite typing
  c. whole genome sequencing
  d. cloning recombinant DNA
  e. polymerase chain reaction

Answer 6

e. polymerase chain reaction

Question 7

7. Differences between humans in biochemistry, behaviour and disease susceptibility are most commonly caused by
Select one:
  a. environmental influences
  b. dominant mutations
  c. single nucleotide polymorphisms  
  d. gene deletions
  e. recessive mutations

Answer 7

c. single nucleotide polymorphisms

Question 8

8. Restriction enzymes
   Select one:
   a. are found in bacteriophage
   b. recognize and cleave specific DNA sequences
   c. only act on a limited range of substrates
   d. can be used to express recombinant proteins
   e. are used to sequence DNA

Answer 8

b. recognize and cleave specific DNA sequences

Question 9

9. Some cloned animals live much shorter lives than the average life span of their species. Why might this be so?
   Select one:
   a. mutations arise during the cloning process
   b. they have short telomeres, suggesting their cellular clock has not been reset
   c. they have different mitochondrial DNA than the parent nuclear donor
   d. they are prone to cancer because of their recombinant DNA
   e. they arise from an unfertilized egg

Answer 9

b. they have short telomeres, suggesting their cellular clock has not been reset

Question 10

10. A clone is a genetically identical copy of a cell or organism. Which of these is NOT clonal?
    Select one:
    a. a group of cells arising from sexual reproduction
    b. an animal regenerated from a single cell from a donor
    c. identical twins
    d. plants propagated by cuttings
    e. cells arising from mitosis

Answer 10

a. a group of cells arising from sexual reproduction

Question 11

11. The process that converts the information encoded in the nucleotide sequence of mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide is called:
Select one:
  a. translocation
  b. transversion
  c. transfusion
  d. translation  
  e. transcription

Answer 11

d. translation

Question 12

12. The hypervariable DNA sequences often used for paternity testing and forensics are called
Select one:
  a. microsatellites  
  b. nucleotide polymorphisms
  c. introns
  d. non-coding regions
  e. DNA fingerprints

Answer 12

a. microsatellites

Question 13

The majority of biomass on the planet is
Select one:
  a. eukaryotic
  b. multicellular
  c. viral
  d. photosynthetic
  e. microbial

Answer 13

e. microbial

Question 14

Agarose gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments according to their
Select one:
  a. length
  b. three dimensional structure
  c. DNA sequence  
  d. GC content
  e. electrical charge

Answer 14

a. length

Question 15

Which of the following cannot be used by chemoautotrophic bacteria to generate ATP?
Select one:
  a. methane  
  b. sulfur
  c. iron
  d. hydrogen sulfide
  e. carbon dioxide

Answer 15

e. carbon dioxide