Quiz 8: Temperment, Emotions, and Self Flashcards
Studies employing neurophysiological responses to measure temperament have found all of the following except…
there are few differences between extremely shy and extremely bold children in heart rate reactivity to unfamiliar people and events.
(Shy and outgoing children have been shown to differ in terms of heart rate reactivity to unfamiliarity.)
The phenomenon in which facial, vocal, or gestural cues of one person give rise to a similar or related state in another person is known as…
emotional contagion.
Infants often experience emotional contagion when they hear or observe another child who is distressed or upset.
A study comparing cultures that use proximal, distal, and intermediate styles of caregiving found that…
infants in the culture with the proximal caregiving style developed self-recognition later than infants in the other cultures.
(Proximal caregiving is found more commonly in cultures that promote communal living, interconnections, and role orientation. As a result, children exposed to proximal cargiving will more likely take longer to develop self concepts.)
Jade helps clean up toys without having to be prompted or reminded, and she claps her hands and says, “All done!” when the task is complete. Researchers would probably say that Jade is exhibiting…
committed compliance.
(Committed compliance is when the children engages in behavior consistent with the request of a caregiver without additional prompts or reminders.)
Advantages of using parental reports to assess infant temperament include all of the following except…
there are often low to moderate levels of agreement between mothers and fathers when rating the same infant.
______ _______ is the process through which emotions are monitored, appraised, and modified in relation to goals.
Emotion regulation.
(Emotional regualtion is the modification of one’s emotions by an active process of monitoring, appraisal and modification.)
Twenty-month-old Jessie rejects offers of help at meal time and insists on serving herself, just like the rest of her family. She behaves the same way in her child care setting, insisting on putting on and trying to zip her jacket on her own. Based on this behavior, it is likely that Jessie…
would show self-recognition in the rouge test.
Acting more autonomously is liked to self-recognition in the classic rouge test.
Primary emotions are…
relatively easy for most adults to notice and interpret correctly.
(The primary emotions are labled such because they are easily recognized and interpreted across age and context.)
Which of the following is most consistent with findings of studies of infant temperament and later personality?
Martin, who was more impulsive as a 3-yar-old, is less likely than other young adults to avoid harm and risks than other young adults.
(Impulsivity in early chilldhoood is often linked to later risk taking behaviors in young adults.)
