Quiz 7 Flashcards
The most important chemical regulator of respiration is
carbon dioxide.
The arterial PO2 in a person with anemia will be _______ the arterial PO2 in a person with a normal hemoglobin concentration.
equal to
An increase in 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid (2,3-DPG) will ________ the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.
decrease
After CO2 is produced by tissues, in what form is most of that carbon transported to the lungs for removal from the body?
As dissolved HCO3−
The chemical control of ventilation is due mainly to
arterial PCO2.
Match the lung disease to its description
increased airway resistance =
destruction of alveoli =
decreased surface area for gas exchange =
fluid accumulation in interstitial spaces =
increased airway resistance = asthma
destruction of alveoli = emphysema
decreased surface area for gas exchange = emphysema
fluid accumulation in interstitial spaces = pulmonary edema
If plasma pH increases from 7.40 to 7.48, hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen will __________ so __________ oxygen will be released to the tissue.
increase; less
The expiratory neurons control the ______ muscles, whereas the inspiratory neurons control the ______ muscles.
abdominal muscles and internal intercostal; diaphragm and external intercostal.
The minimum plasma concentration of a substance that results in the excretion of that substance in the urine is the ________.
renal threshold
The majority of the reabsorption occurs in the ________.
proximal tubule
The effectiveness of some antibiotics, such as penicillin, is enhanced by preventing their excretion by use of ________.
probenecid
The main force for glomerular filtration is the
blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries.
The ________ limb of the nephron loop is impermeable to water.
ascending
Which statement is FALSE?
The kidneys do not reabsorb filtered waste products.
In a normal kidney, which condition would increase glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?
a decrease in the concentration of plasma proteins in the blood
The basic pattern for many molecules absorbed by Na+-dependent transport involves this: an apical ________ and a basolateral ________.
symport protein, facilitated diffusion carrier
If the rate of urine formation is 2 ml/min, the urine inulin concentration is 25 mg/ml, and the plasma inulin concentration 0.5 mg/ml, then the GFR is ________.
100 mL/min
Which of the following figures illustrates renal handling of calcium ions?
C (pic that shows purple liquid going through blood stream, with some secretion and some reabsorption)
Match the factor with its effect on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen
increased temperature =
inncreased pH =
increased PCO2 =
increased 2,3-DPG =
increased temperature = decrease
inncreased pH = increase
increased PCO2 = decrease
increased 2,3-DPG = decrease
Match each step in urine formation to its description
movement from the nephron lumen to the external environment =
movement for the nephron lumen to the blood =
movement from the glomerulus to the nephron lumen =
movement from the peritubular capillaries to the nephron lumen =
movement from the nephron lumen to the external environment = excretion
movement for the nephron lumen to the blood = reabsorption
movement from the glomerulus to the nephron lumen = filtration
movement from the peritubular capillaries to the nephron lumen = secretion
