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Intro To Bio Lab > QUIZ 7 > Flashcards

QUIZ 7 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell Division Allows Organisms To…

A

Transfer Genetic Material To Offspring

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2
Q

Unicellular Generates A New

A

Organism

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3
Q

Multicellular Produces New

A

Cells For OVERALL Cell Development

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4
Q

In order to divide a cell, a cell needs to

A

duplicate/divide genetic content to it’s 2 daughter cells

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5
Q

Cell cycle is a series of

A

divisions and duplications

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6
Q

Interphase is __% of a cell’s life

A

78%

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7
Q

List the 3 parts of Interphase

A

G1, S, G2

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8
Q

In G1, cells

A

Grow

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9
Q

In S phase, cells

A

Replicate the genome

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10
Q

In G2, all protiens are

A

synthesized

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11
Q

Cell Division includes what 2 procces’s

A

Meiosis and Mitosis

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12
Q

List the 5 phases of Mitosis

A

Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

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13
Q

Stroma

A

Fluid filled soace

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14
Q

Chlorophyll absorbs ___ & ___, but reflects ___

A

red & blue, green

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15
Q

light-independent reactions take place in the

A

stroma

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16
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

the process that converts sunlight energy into a simple sugar called glucose

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17
Q

glucose can be used as a

A

short-term energy source or to build more complex carbohydrates like starches for long-term energy storage

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18
Q

Also known as primary producers, they provide the energy necessary to the organisms that eat them, which are known as consumers

A

Autotrpohs

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19
Q

Organisms that can photosynthesize are rather

A

diverse such as cynobacteria

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20
Q

In eukaryotic cells, photosynthesis takes place in an organelle called the

A

chloroplast

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21
Q

Chloroplasts appear green due to its high content of the pigment

A

chlorophyll

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22
Q

Pigments are molecules that absorb

A

light at certain wavelengths

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23
Q

The light that is not absorbed by a pigment is reflected

A

visible light that can be observed as the color of the pigment

24
Q

Photosynthesis consists of two pathways, which are known as the

A

light-dependent and light-independent reactions and occur at distinct locations within chloroplasts

25
Q

These organelles contain three membranes:

A

outer membrane, inner membrane, and the innermost thylakoid membrane

26
Q

What does the innermost thylakoid membrane do

A

forms long, disc-shaped folds within the chloroplast

27
Q

The light-dependent reactions start when the energy in sunlight

A

excites the electrons of chlorophyll pigments that are embedded within the thylakoid membrane

28
Q

These high-energy electrons are then passed from one electron carrier molecule to another within the thylakoid membrane, collectively known as the

A

electron transport chain

29
Q

Each transfer within the electron transport chain takes the electron to a ___ ___, releasing ___

A

lower state, energy

30
Q

energy released is harnessed to synthesize small, energy-rich molecules such as

A

ATP OR NADPH

31
Q

The lost electron of the chlorophyll is replaced through

A

hydrolosis

32
Q

Define hydrolosis

A

means water splitting

33
Q

CO2 flows from one reservoir to another at a relatively constant pace

A

Carbon sequestration

34
Q

Changes in the CO2 flow rate can shift the

A

balance of it among resevoirs

35
Q

fundamental to all living organisms and required for growth and development

A

cell division

36
Q

cell division allows organisms to

A

transfer genetic material to their offspring

37
Q

For a unicellular organism, cellular division generates

A

a completely new organism

38
Q

For multicellular organisms, cellular division produces

A

new cells for the general development of the overall organism

39
Q

Reproduction of multicellular organisms requires

A

cell division to create reproductive cells

40
Q

About 78% of a cell’s life is spent in

A

interphase

41
Q

Interphase itself contains three subphases

A

Gap 1, S Phase, Gap 2

42
Q

During G1, cells

A

actively grow

43
Q

During S Phase the cell

A

replicates its entire genome

44
Q

In the Gap 2 Phase,

A

all the necessary proteins for cell division are synthesized

45
Q

Somatic or non-reproductive cells produce ___ ___ via ___ ___

A

daughter cells, mitotic divison

46
Q

Mitosis is the nuclear division and consists of five stages:

A

prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

47
Q

During prophase

A

duplicated DNA molecules condense into tightly-packed chromosomes, while microtubules form spindles

48
Q

The nuclear envelope dissolves in

A

prometaphase

49
Q

. During metaphase, chromosomes

A

that are connected to spindles line up along the equator of the cells

50
Q

During anaphase, sister chromatids are

A

pulled to the opposite pole of the cell

51
Q

Finally, during telophase, new nuclear envelopes

A

are formed around both groups of chromosomes

52
Q

After nuclear division is completed, cytoplasm around each nucleus

A

separates from one another via cytokinesis, resulting in two identical daughter cells

53
Q

what process is specific to reproductive cells

A

meiosis

54
Q

Meiosis produces

A

4 daughter cells each with only half the genetic content of the parent cell

55
Q

External regulation assures the

A

necessity of the division

Intro To Bio Lab (1 decks)

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