Quiz 6: Urbanization and Waste Management

Question 1

Which factors have contributed to movement of people to suburbs?

Answer 1

-better economic opportunities, schools
-lower crime rates
-more space

Question 2

define zoning

Answer 2

classification of areas for different types of development and land use

Question 3

people are moving out of ______ areas and are moving to _______

Answer 3

rural; cities

Question 4

what is one outcome when an urban region experiences urban sprawl

Answer 4

the number of shopping malls increase

Question 5

what is a goal of the new urbanism with smart growth

Answer 5

to develop walkable neighborhoods, with homes and businesses close together

Question 6

what are “greenways”

Answer 6

links that provide pathways for wildlife to travel between parks and preserves

Question 7

explain the purpose of urban growth boundary (UGB)

Answer 7

to provide guidelines for city planners to separate urban areas from rural areas

Question 8

what permitted the widespread move into suburbs in 50s and 60s

Answer 8

increased ownership of automobiles

Question 9

what is a strategy that creates walkable communities with lower ecological footprints

Answer 9

smart growth

Question 10

what causes urban island heat effect

Answer 10

heat generating buildings and dark, heat absorbing surfaces

Question 11

suburban communities encourage increased use of

Answer 11

automobiles

Question 12

in the 60s, most north american citizens who could afford it moved from ________ to ______

Answer 12

cities; suburbs

Question 13

Which of the following statements apply to urban sprawl that started in the mid-20th Century?

1. It led to economic growth from more car purchases and increased housing construction.
2. It resulted in development that favoured more multi-family homes and increased green space.
3. It created jobs for building infrastructure for services like highways, water, sewage and communication.

Answer 13

1 and 3 are true; 2 is false

Question 14

What is a growing concern for surface and groundwater resources in many Canadian cities (e.g. Toronto) with urban sprawl and increased commuter traffic?

Answer 14

increased use of de-icing road salt

Question 15

The urban heat island effect can be reduced by which strategies

Answer 15

by:
- using better building orientation for new developments
- including more green spaces in urban areas
- light-coloured surfaces for new buildings
- green roof technology on multi-story buildings

Question 16

give examples of heavy metals

Answer 16

lead, mercury, cadmium

Question 17

what represents the largest source of unregulated hazardous waste?

Answer 17

households

Question 18

what describes everyday garbage or trash (solid waste) that is produced by individuals or small businesses?

Answer 18

municipal solid waste

Question 19

T or F Hazardous and non-hazardous wastes in developing countries often end up in open dumps. Sanitary landfills and open dumps are essentially the same thing.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

Compared to high-income countries, low-income countries are _______ exposed to the ________ health and environmental effects of waste.

Answer 20

more; negative

Question 21

Why is there no such thing as waste in natural, non-human ecosystems

Answer 21

The discarded matter of one organism becomes the resources for another

Question 22

describe the term ‘waste’

Answer 22

things we throw away

Question 23

what gas is produced by anaerobic decomposition in landfills?

Answer 23

methane

Question 24

Sanitary landfills are commonly used in Canada to manage solid waste. Since decomposition in sanitary landfills relies upon anaerobic bacteria (those that live in oxygen-poor environments), a large amount of ______ is often produced.

Answer 24

methane

Question 25

define deep-well injection

Answer 25

It involves injecting mostly liquid hazardous wastes into porous rock deep beneath the groundwater supplies

Question 26

what would provide the best incentive for increasing the rate of plastic recycling

Answer 26

a decreased supply of petrochemicals

Question 27

A computer company leases rather than sells its computers to consumers for a monthly fee. The company maintains the computers and replaces them as needed. The old computers are either refurbished or recycled. What does this business model represent?

Answer 27

a cradle-to-cradle product management plan, green business that minimizes waste generation, detailed life-cycle analysis of their service, closed-loop system

Question 28

Declining to take a plastic bag for a few items purchased at a store is an example of

Answer 28

refusing

Question 29

What are the four Rs to help an individual limit waste production?

Answer 29

refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle

Question 30

A soup company wants to reduce the waste associated with its soup packaging. What option among the ones listed below would help it accomplish this goal?

-Encourage consumers to burn the soup cans as a source of heat.
-Build landfills in communities near the factory so that the surplus soup ingredients and packaging materials can be landfilled locally.
-Package the soup in reusable glass containers.
-Use smaller cans to package the soup and make it more consumer friendly
-Make the soup out of organically grown vegetables

Answer 30

package the soup in reusable containers