Quiz 6: Urbanization and Waste Management Flashcards
Which factors have contributed to movement of people to suburbs?
-better economic opportunities, schools
-lower crime rates
-more space
define zoning
classification of areas for different types of development and land use
people are moving out of ______ areas and are moving to _______
rural; cities
what is one outcome when an urban region experiences urban sprawl
the number of shopping malls increase
what is a goal of the new urbanism with smart growth
to develop walkable neighborhoods, with homes and businesses close together
what are “greenways”
links that provide pathways for wildlife to travel between parks and preserves
explain the purpose of urban growth boundary (UGB)
to provide guidelines for city planners to separate urban areas from rural areas
what permitted the widespread move into suburbs in 50s and 60s
increased ownership of automobiles
what is a strategy that creates walkable communities with lower ecological footprints
smart growth
what causes urban island heat effect
heat generating buildings and dark, heat absorbing surfaces
suburban communities encourage increased use of
automobiles
in the 60s, most north american citizens who could afford it moved from ________ to ______
cities; suburbs
Which of the following statements apply to urban sprawl that started in the mid-20th Century?
- It led to economic growth from more car purchases and increased housing construction.
- It resulted in development that favoured more multi-family homes and increased green space.
- It created jobs for building infrastructure for services like highways, water, sewage and communication.
1 and 3 are true; 2 is false
What is a growing concern for surface and groundwater resources in many Canadian cities (e.g. Toronto) with urban sprawl and increased commuter traffic?
increased use of de-icing road salt
The urban heat island effect can be reduced by which strategies
by:
- using better building orientation for new developments
- including more green spaces in urban areas
- light-coloured surfaces for new buildings
- green roof technology on multi-story buildings
give examples of heavy metals
lead, mercury, cadmium
what represents the largest source of unregulated hazardous waste?
households
what describes everyday garbage or trash (solid waste) that is produced by individuals or small businesses?
municipal solid waste
T or F Hazardous and non-hazardous wastes in developing countries often end up in open dumps. Sanitary landfills and open dumps are essentially the same thing.
False
Compared to high-income countries, low-income countries are _______ exposed to the ________ health and environmental effects of waste.
more; negative
Why is there no such thing as waste in natural, non-human ecosystems
The discarded matter of one organism becomes the resources for another
describe the term ‘waste’
things we throw away
what gas is produced by anaerobic decomposition in landfills?
methane
Sanitary landfills are commonly used in Canada to manage solid waste. Since decomposition in sanitary landfills relies upon anaerobic bacteria (those that live in oxygen-poor environments), a large amount of ______ is often produced.
methane
define deep-well injection
It involves injecting mostly liquid hazardous wastes into porous rock deep beneath the groundwater supplies
what would provide the best incentive for increasing the rate of plastic recycling
a decreased supply of petrochemicals
A computer company leases rather than sells its computers to consumers for a monthly fee. The company maintains the computers and replaces them as needed. The old computers are either refurbished or recycled. What does this business model represent?
a cradle-to-cradle product management plan, green business that minimizes waste generation, detailed life-cycle analysis of their service, closed-loop system
Declining to take a plastic bag for a few items purchased at a store is an example of
refusing
What are the four Rs to help an individual limit waste production?
refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle
A soup company wants to reduce the waste associated with its soup packaging. What option among the ones listed below would help it accomplish this goal?
-Encourage consumers to burn the soup cans as a source of heat.
-Build landfills in communities near the factory so that the surplus soup ingredients and packaging materials can be landfilled locally.
-Package the soup in reusable glass containers.
-Use smaller cans to package the soup and make it more consumer friendly
-Make the soup out of organically grown vegetables
package the soup in reusable containers
