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Psysiological Psychology > Quiz 6- Anatomy Of The Nervous System: Neurons > Flashcards

Quiz 6- Anatomy Of The Nervous System: Neurons Flashcards

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1
Q

Bipolar neurons

A

2 projections from cell body, sensory neurons for distance senses (vision, hearing, and smell)

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2
Q

Multipolar neurons

A

More than 2 projections, motor neurons (PNS)

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3
Q

Interneurons

A

Cell in CNS used for processing info

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4
Q

Local circuit Interneurons

A

Stellate cells AKA “association neurons”, communication between neurons

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5
Q

Projection Interneurons

A

Pyramidal cells, long axon= neurotransmitter, carries info to spinal cord

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6
Q

Purkinje cells

A

Fan shaped, carry info from cerebellum to other parts of the brain and spinal cord

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7
Q

Soma

A

Cell body

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8
Q

Nucleus

A

DNA is found here

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9
Q

Axon

A

Transmits msgs

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10
Q

Dendrites

A

Treelike, receive chemical msgs

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11
Q

Axon hillock

A

Small triangle before axon, biological decision maker, decides whether or not to pass on msg

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12
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Fatty sheath, electrical insulation, speeds up neuroconduction and is segmented (not continuous)

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13
Q

Node of Ranvier

A

Gaps of myelin sheath where the axon is exposed

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14
Q

Axon terminal

A

“Axon ending”, “terminal button”, and “terminal bouton”; neurotransmitters are released here

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15
Q

Micro tubules

A

Transports material from soma to axon terminal and back

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16
Q

Synaptic vesicles

A

Special membrane bubble, which contains neurotransmitters

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17
Q

Anterograde transport

A

Soma –> axon terminal

18
Q

Retrograde transport

A

Axon terminal –> soma

19
Q

Neuroglial cells

A

“Nerve glue”, out # neurons 10 to 1

20
Q

Astrocytes

A

“Star-shaped”, provide energy to neurons, “middle men”: coordinate activity into waves

21
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

Create myelin sheaths for axons in the CNS, when they die the sheaths die

22
Q

Microglial cells

A

Remove dead tissue, mild form of an immune system by inflammation

23
Q

Schwann cells

A

Create myelin sheath in PNS

24
Q

Golgi staining

A

Silver nitrate, only shows silhouettes

25
Q

Nissl staining

A

Cresyl violet, penetrates the membranes and binds to structures within

26
Q

Electron microscopy

A

10,000X magnification
Standard= 2D (highly detailed)
Scanning= 3D (not as detailed)

27
Q

Amino acid autoradiography

A

Anterograde and the substance is injected by the cell, transports down to the axon terminal

28
Q

Horseradish proxidase

A

Retrograde, injects substances (enzymes) in the brain at the axon terminals, transported back to the soma

29
Q

Neuron conductor speeds

A

Humans= -myelinated: 60m/sec
-unmyelinated: 1m/sec
Cats= 100m/sec

30
Q

Galvani

A

Stimulated frog legs

31
Q

Bernstein

A

2 state theory

32
Q

John z young

A

Large squid have large axons (1mm across, very large), took axon out of squid

33
Q

Oscilloscope

A

Measure difference in voltage and displayed on screen

34
Q

Micro electrodes

A

Intracellular, inside cell membrane in fluid

35
Q

Ion

A

Charged particle

36
Q

Potential

A

Electrical charge

37
Q

Graded potential

A

Electrical charge that varies in strength

38
Q

Decremental potential

A

Electrical charge that fades in strength

39
Q

Synaptic potential

A

Electrical charges resulted from communication across synapse, occurs in dendrites and soma, graded and decremental

40
Q

Action potential

A

Electrical charge in axon, non graded and non decremental

41
Q

Non graded potentials

A

Electrical charges that don’t vary in strength

42
Q

Unipolar neurons

A

One projection from cell body, sensory neuron for constant senses (touch)

Psysiological Psychology (1 decks)

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