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Health Assessment > Quiz 6 > Flashcards

Quiz 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Angina pectorals

A

Acute chest pain that occurs when myocardial demand exceeds its oxygen supply

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2
Q

Aortic Regurgitation

A

(Insufficiency) - incompetent aortic valve that allows backward flow of blood into left ventricle during diastole

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3
Q

Aortic Stenosis

A

Calcification of aortic valve cusps that restricts forward flow of blood during systole

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4
Q

Aortic Valve

A

The left semilunar valve separating the left ventricle and the aorta

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5
Q

Apex of the heart

A

Tip of the heart pointing down toward the 5th left intercostal space

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6
Q

Apical Impulse

A

Point of maximal impulse (PMI): Pulsation created as the left ventricle rotates against the chest wall during systole

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7
Q

Base of the heart

A

Broader area of heart’s outline located at the 3rd right and left intercostal spaces

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8
Q

Bell (stethoscope)

A

Cup-shaped end-piece used for soft, low pitched heart sounds

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9
Q

Bradycardia

A

Slow heart rate, less than 50 bpm

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10
Q

Clubbing

A

Bulbous enlargement of distal phalanges of fingers and toes that occurs with chronic cyanotic heart and lung conditions

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11
Q

Coarctation of aorta

A

Severe narrowing of the descending aorta, a congenital heart defect

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12
Q

Cor pulmonale

A

Right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure due to pulmonary hypertension

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13
Q

Cyanosis

A

Dusky blue mottling of the skin and mucous membranes due to excessive amount of reduced hemoglobin in the blood

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14
Q

Diaphragm (stethoscope)

A

Flat end-piece of the stethoscope used for hearing relatively high pitched heart sounds

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15
Q

Diastole

A

The heart’s filling phase

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16
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult, labored breathing

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17
Q

Edema

A

Swelling of the legs or dependent body part due to increased interstitial fluid

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18
Q

Erb’s point

A

Traditional auscultatory area in the 3rd left intercostal space

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19
Q

First Heart Sound (S1)

A

Occurs with closure of the antrioventricular valve signaling the beginning of systole

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20
Q

Fourth Heart Sound (S4)

A

S4 gallop, atrial gallop; very soft, low pitched ventricular filling sound that occurs in late diastole

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21
Q

Gallop Rhythm

A

The addition of a 3rd or a 4th heart sound; makes the rhythm sound like the cadence of a galloping horse

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22
Q

Inching

A

Technique of moving the stethoscope incrementally across the precordium through the auscultatory areas while listening to the heart sounds

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23
Q

LVH - Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

A

Increase in thickness of myocardial wall that occurs when the heart pumps against chronic outflow obstruction

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24
Q

Midclavicular Line (MCL)

A

Imaginary vertical line bisecting the middle of the clavicle in each hemithorax

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25
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral insufficiency; incompetent mitral valve allows Regurgitation of blood back into left atrium during systole
26
Mitral Stenosis
Calcified mitral valve impedes forward flow of blood into left ventricle during diastole
27
Mitral Valve
Left atrioventricular valve separating the left atrium and ventricle
28
Palpitation
Uncomfortable awareness of rapid or irregular heart rate
29
Pericardial Friction Rub
High-pitched, scratchy extracardiac sound heard when the precordium is inflamed
30
Paradoxical splitting
Opposite of a normal split S2 so that the split is heard in expiration, and in inspiration the sounds fuse to one sound
31
Physiologic Splitting
Normal variation in S2 heard as two separate components during inspiration
32
Precordium
Area of the chest wall overlying the heart and great vessels
33
Pulmonic regurgitation
Pulmonic insufficiency; backflow of blood through incompetent pulmonic valve
34
Pulmonic Stenosis
Calcification of pulmonic valve that restricts forward flow of blood during systole
35
Pulmonic Valve
Right semilunar valve separating the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
36
Second Heart Sound (S2)
Occurs with closure of the semilunar valves
37
Summation Gallop
Abnormal mid-diastolic heart sound heard when both the pathological S3 and S4 are present
38
Syncope
Temporary loss of consciousness due to decreased cerebral blood flow (fainting)
39
Systole
The heart’s pumping phase
40
Tachycardia
Rapid heart rate, greater then 95 bpm
41
Third Heart Sound (S3)
Soft, low-pitched ventricular filling sound that occurs in early diastole and may be an early sign of heart failure
42
Thrill
Palpable vibration on the chest wall accompanying sever heart murmur
43
Tricuspid Valve
Right antrioventricular valve separating the right atrium and ventricle
44
Allen Test
Test that determines the patency of the radial and ulnar arteries by compressing one artery site and observing return of skin color as evidence of patency of the other artery
45
Aneurysm
Defect or sac formed by dilation in artery wall due to atherosclerosis, trauma, or congenital defect
46
Arrhythmia
Variation from the heart’s regular rhythm
47
Arteriosclerosis
Thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls
48
Atherosclerosis
Plaques of fatty deposits formed in the inner layer of the arteries
49
Bradycardia
Slow heart rate, less than 50
50
Bruit
Blowing, swooshing sound heard through a stethoscope when an artery is partially occluded
51
Cyanosis
Dusky blue mottling of the skin and mucous membranes due to excessive amount of reduced hemoglobin in the blood
52
Diastole
The heart’s filling phase
53
Ischemia
Deficiency of arterial blood to a body part due to constriction or obstruction of a blood vessel
54
Lymph Nodes
Small oval clumps of lymphatic tissue located at grouped intervals along lymphatic vessels
55
Lymphedema
Swelling of extremity due to obstructed lymph channel, nonpitting
56
Pitting Edema
Indentation left after examiner depresses the skin over swollen edematous tissue
57
Profile Sign
Viewing the finger from the side to detect early clubbing
58
Pulse
Pressure wave created by each heartbeat, palpable at body cites where the artery lies close to the skin and over the bone
59
Pulsus Alternans
Regular rhythm, but force of pulse varies with alternating beats of large and small amplitude
60
Pulsus Bigeminus
Irregular rhythm; every other beat is premature
61
Pulsus Paradoxus
Beats have weaker amplitude with respiratory inspiration, stronger with expiration
62
Systole
The heart’s pumping phase
63
Tachycardia
Rapid heart beat, more than 95 bpm
64
Thrombophlebitis
Inflammation of the vein associated with thrombus formation
65
Ulcer
Open skin lesion extending into dermis, with sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue
66
Varicose Veins
Dilated tortuous veins with incompetent valves

Health Assessment (6 decks)

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