Quiz 6

Question 1

Natural selection: Negative selection increases the prevalence of traits.

Answer 1

FALSE
-Negative selection decreases the prevalence of traits. Increased prevalence of adaptive traits is seen in positive selection.

Question 2

Familial polyposis coli is associated with congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium.

Answer 2

TRUE
-Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE) are small lesions present on the retina of affected individuals in some families with FAP. In such families, the presence of more than four of these lesions make it more likely that an individual is a gene carrier.

Question 3

Angioma is a benign tumour.

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

The volume of distribution of a drug is decreased if the drug has high protein binding.

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

Aspirin is absorbed from the stomach because it is un-ionised at an acid pH.

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

Therapeutic trials are designed to show what are the disadvantages of a treatment.

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

Neutrophils are the main cell population present in chronic inflammation.

Answer 7

FALSE
-Lymphocytes, macrophages and plasma cells are the main cells present in chronic inflammation. Neutrophils are characteristic in acute inflammation.

Question 8

Therapeutic drug monitoring is of value in the treatment of hypertension with atenolol.

Answer 8

FALSE

Question 9

In randomised controlled trials assessment is always carried out by blinded observers

Answer 9

FALSE

Question 10

Down’s syndrome can be caused by a translocation.

Answer 10

TRUE
-An unbalanced translocation of chromosome 21 can lead to having 3 copies of the long arm, which causes Down’s syndrome. It is more commonly caused by trisomy for the whole of chromosome 21.

Question 11

Restriction enzymes are used to diagnose genetic disease by analysing protein samples.

Answer 11

FALSE
-Restriction enzymes (also known as restriction endonucleases) digest DNA, not protein, at specific base sequences. This can be used for DNA cloning and also for analysis when followed by gel electrophoresis.

Question 12

Bacterial exotoxins are released on cell death.

Answer 12

FALSE

-Exotoxins are usually released by the live organism. Endotoxin is released on cell death.

Question 13

The skin is a common site for metastatic carcinoma.

Answer 13

FALSE