quiz Flashcards
what are the 6 primary functions of the skin
protection absorption secretion excretion regulation sensation
protection
skin shields internal tissues from toxins such as pollutants, smoke, UV radiation and other chemicals
absorption
skin absorbs vitamins, acids, water, and oxygen through pores to moisturize nourish and protect
secretion
our skin secretes sebum that keeps skin soft, supple, and pliable
what does secretion prevent
prevents bacteria from invading the skin
excretion
toxins and wasted are secreted through sweat glands and pores
regulation
skin regulates the body temperature by shivering or by sweating
sensation
nerve ending fibres detect heat, cold, pain, pressure, and tough
what is keratin
major protein substance that contains several chemical elements such as carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur
what are the 3 layers of the skin
epidermis
dermis
subcutaneous
how many layers are in the epidermis
5
what are the 5 layers of the epidermis
stratum corneum stratum lucidum stratum granulosum stratum spinosum stratum germinitativum
stratum corneum
top layer
toughest layer
made of keratinocytes that shed and are replaced with new cells
stratum lucidum
thickest on palms/soles
transparent layer
forms the ridges that provide friction
stratum granulosum
cells here are more regularly shaped and look like tiny granules
primary function of protection
stratum spinosum
called the “spiny layer”
have langerhan cells that protect body from infection
immune cells
stratum germinativum
lowest layer (basal layer)
what are the components of the dermis
fibroblast cells
elastin
collagen
what are fibroblast cells
they are responsible for forming fibres that protect collagen and elastin
what is elastin
fibrous protein that forms elastic tissue
what is collagen
strong protein substance that gives structure to the skin
major component of healing
what are mast cells
they respond to allergies
what are the layers of the dermis
papillary and reticular
what do sudoriferous glands do
they produce sweat
they are controlled by the body’s nervous system
what are the 2 types of sweat glands
apocrine glands
eccrine glands
what are apocrine glands
sweat glands located under arms, genitals, and nipples
the secrete odorless substance
what are eccrine glands
sweat glands located throughout the whole body
what are eccrine glands responsible for
lowering body temperature
what are endocrine glands
they release secretions into blood
what are exocrine glands
they release secretions into ducts that then go out onto the skin
what is a sebaceous gland
known as oil glands
they continually produce and secrete sebum
what are sebaceous glands attached to
hair follicle
what is the acid mantle
layer of oil and moisture formed when sebum mixes with secretions of the glands
where is the acid mantle located
epidermis
what is the natural pH
4.5-5.5
what is a arrector pili
muscle connected to hair follicle
what is the purpose of the subcutaneous
its the body’s cushioning layer
gives shape
what are the 5 types of tissue
epithelial connective muscular nerve liquid
