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Exam Edge > Quiz 5 > Flashcards

Quiz 5 Flashcards

1
Q

A patient’s right to make his or her own decisions is known as?

A

Autonomy

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2
Q

Interference with a person’s ability to move about at will, without legal authority to do so, is known as which of the following?

A

False imprisonment

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3
Q

The act of keeping information private or secret is known as which of the following?

A

Confidentiality

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4
Q

Making decisions on behalf of a patient without the patient’s knowledge or consent is known as which of the following?

A

Paternalism

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5
Q

The legal doctrine res ipsa loquitur means which of the following?

A

The thing speaks for itself.

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6
Q

The skills, care, and judgments required by healthcare professionals under similar conditions are known as which of the following?

A

Standards of care

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7
Q

Sonographers should provide care how?

A

Nonjudgementally

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8
Q

What does ADC stand for?

A

Analog to digital converter

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9
Q

Which of the following is not a type of ultrasound that inserts a transducer into a natural opening of the body?
A.Transvaginal
B. Transoral
C. Transesophageal
D. Transrectal

A

Transoral

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10
Q

What does the incidence angle equal?

A

Reflection angle

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11
Q

Which of the following is another term for anechoic tissue?

A

Sonolucent tissue

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12
Q

As the frequency of sound waves increases, absorption:

A

Increases

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13
Q

Which principle needs to be followed to ensure patient safety?

A

ALARA

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14
Q

What type of ultrasound is primarily used on women?

A

Transvaginal

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15
Q

What occurs if the far gain is too high?

A

White far structures

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16
Q

A measure of the decrease in ultrasound intensity as the ultrasound waves travel through tissue is known as which of the following?

A

Attenuation

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17
Q

A “Low Q” transducer will have a __ bandwidth and a __ spatial pulse length.

A

Wide,short

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18
Q

What occurs when many reflections create extra echoes?

A

Reverberation

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19
Q

The bending of a wave as it passes at an angle from one medium to another is known as which of the following?

A

Refraction

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20
Q

The frequency content of the Doppler is shown in the ________.

A

Spectral display

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21
Q

A measure of how many cycles of sound occur per second is known as which of the following?

A

Frequency

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22
Q

What newer ultrasound technology uses multiple images to blend together to form a wider field of view?

A

Panoramic imaging

23
Q

Ultrasound images are taken in:

A

Real-time

24
Q

Duty factor is defined as __.

A

The fraction of time the system is transmitting

25
Q

What will increasing the number of focal zones cause?

A

Improves resolution for a larger area

26
Q

Which type of artifact refers to the appearance of grainy echoes, especially in the proximal portion of cystic areas?

A

Noise

27
Q

What is the most common cause of banding?

A

Manual adjustments

28
Q

What is known as the reduction in power when sound travels through a medium?

A

Attenuation

29
Q

In which type of transducer are the piezoelectric elements lined up on a convex surface?

A

Curved array

30
Q

What is the following equation?

d= cT/2

A

Range equation

31
Q

What is the weakest measurement of resolution for array transducers?

A

Slice thickness

32
Q

What is the acronym for the rule in the Code of Federal Regulations which is meant to protect patients from unnecessary long term exposure to radiation?

A

ALARA

33
Q

Which of the following shows the velocity and flow of blood in real time?

A

Color Doppler

34
Q

What occurs when the sound waves go beyond the focal zone?

A

Shadow appearance

35
Q

Which of the following extends from the diaphragm to the pelvis?

A

Greater sac

36
Q

Which of the following supplies the jejunum?

A

Intestinal arteries of the superior mesenteric artery.

37
Q

The descending colon is supplied by which of the following?

A

Left colic artery

38
Q

What might be an indicator that there is a need for a diagnostic evaluation for an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A

Unexplained lower back pain, flank pain, or abdominal pain.

39
Q

Which of the following describes the sonographic appearance of the pancreatic duct?

A

A pair of fine, relatively bright wall echoes.

40
Q

Hepatocellular carcinoma are predominately found in which of the following?

A

Cirrhotic liver

41
Q

If the patient is experiencing hypertension and an ultrasound reveals a benign tumor of the adrenal gland, what condition might the patient be suffering from?

A

Hyperaldosteronism

42
Q

What is the prone position?

A

Face down

43
Q

What should you instruct the patient to do with their breath during a Doppler color ultrasound of a portal vein?

A

Hold it

44
Q

What is the normal diameter of the large intestine?

A

4-5cm

45
Q

Which of the following best describes the sonographic appearance of a hematoma in the liver?

A

Irregular, hypoechoic areas in the liver tissue

46
Q

What transducer frequency would allow the sonographer to see five different layers of the small intestine?

A

14 mHz.

47
Q

All are sonographic features of chronic pancreatitis?

A

Irregular borders, calcifications, and pseudocysts

48
Q

A tear in the intima layer of the vessel which allows blood to seep into the space between the intima and medial layers of the vessel wall is called which of the following?

A

Dissecting aneurysm

49
Q

Which of the following blood vessels run parallel, anterior, and slightly lateral to the spinal column in the retroperitoneum?

A

Aorta and vena cava

50
Q

Which of the following is characteristic of a hydropic gallbladder?

A

It appears markedly distended and is tender to transducer pressure

51
Q

All are sonographic features of acute pancreatitis?

A

Indistinct contours, internal structure heterogenous rarefied hypoechoic, and enlargement of the pancreas

52
Q

Metastatic lymph nodes tend to have which of the following sonographic characteristics?

A

Hypoechoic

53
Q

Which of the following may develop as a complication of acute pancreatitis several weeks after the onset of the disease?

A

Pseudocysts

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