quiz 5 Flashcards
what is a biomarker?
a protein that is uniquely produced in a diseased state
GMOs are created by ________.
introducing recombinant DNA into an organism by any means
sequencing an individual person’s genome
all of the above
whole-genome sequencing can be used for advances in:
all of the above
individual genetic maps in a given species are:
genetically similar
The Flavr Savr Tomato:
all of the above
because nucleic acids are negatively charged, the process of DNA electrophoresis will move the DNA fragments in which direction?
toward the positive electrode
wo key components of the DNA or RNA extraction process include:
lysis of the cell membrane and precipitation of the nucleic acid
gene therapy can be used to introduce foreign DNA into cells ________.
of tissues to cure inheritable disease
information obtained by microscopic analysis of stained chromosomes is used in:
cytogenetic mapping
what is the most challenging issue facing genome sequencing?
the ethics of using information from genomes at the individual level
medical professionals can use personal genome sequence information to prescribe medications that will be most effective on the basis of the individual patient’s genotype.
This is called
pharmacogenomics
a protein signature is:
a unique set of proteins present in a diseased state
in 1996, what was the first successfully cloned animal?
sheep
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique that scientists use to ____________ specific DNA regions for further analysis.
amplify
insulin produced by molecular cloning:
is a recombinant protein
scientists have genetically modified bacteria, plants, and animals since the early 1970s for academic, medical, agricultural, and industrial purposes. The organism that receives the recombinant DNA is a genetically modified organism (GMO). If the foreign DNA comes from a different species, the host organism is called ____________.
transgenic
genomics can be used in agriculture to:
all of the above
genetic recombination occurs by which process or processes?
independent assortment and crossing over
scientists then transfer the fragments in the gel onto a nylon membrane in a procedure called blotting. Scientists can then probe the nucleic acid fragments that are bound to the membrane’s surface with specific radioactively or fluorescently labeled probe sequences. Which process is used to detect the presence of certain DNA sequences in a given genome?
southern blotting
