quiz 5

Question 1

what is a biomarker?

Answer 1

a protein that is uniquely produced in a diseased state

Question 2

GMOs are created by ________.

Answer 2

introducing recombinant DNA into an organism by any means

Question 3

sequencing an individual person’s genome

Answer 3

all of the above

Question 4

whole-genome sequencing can be used for advances in:

Answer 4

all of the above

Question 5

individual genetic maps in a given species are:

Answer 5

genetically similar

Question 6

The Flavr Savr Tomato:

Answer 6

all of the above

Question 7

because nucleic acids are negatively charged, the process of DNA electrophoresis will move the DNA fragments in which direction?

Answer 7

toward the positive electrode

Question 8

wo key components of the DNA or RNA extraction process include:

Answer 8

lysis of the cell membrane and precipitation of the nucleic acid

Question 9

gene therapy can be used to introduce foreign DNA into cells ________.

Answer 9

of tissues to cure inheritable disease

Question 10

information obtained by microscopic analysis of stained chromosomes is used in:

Answer 10

cytogenetic mapping

Question 11

what is the most challenging issue facing genome sequencing?

Answer 11

the ethics of using information from genomes at the individual level

Question 12

medical professionals can use personal genome sequence information to prescribe medications that will be most effective on the basis of the individual patient’s genotype.

Answer 12

This is called
pharmacogenomics

Question 13

a protein signature is:

Answer 13

a unique set of proteins present in a diseased state

Question 14

in 1996, what was the first successfully cloned animal?

Answer 14

sheep

Question 15

polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique that scientists use to ____________ specific DNA regions for further analysis.

Answer 15

amplify

Question 16

insulin produced by molecular cloning:

Answer 16

is a recombinant protein

Question 17

scientists have genetically modified bacteria, plants, and animals since the early 1970s for academic, medical, agricultural, and industrial purposes. The organism that receives the recombinant DNA is a genetically modified organism (GMO). If the foreign DNA comes from a different species, the host organism is called ____________.

Answer 17

transgenic

Question 18

genomics can be used in agriculture to:

Answer 18

all of the above

Question 19

genetic recombination occurs by which process or processes?

Answer 19

independent assortment and crossing over

Question 20

scientists then transfer the fragments in the gel onto a nylon membrane in a procedure called blotting. Scientists can then probe the nucleic acid fragments that are bound to the membrane’s surface with specific radioactively or fluorescently labeled probe sequences. Which process is used to detect the presence of certain DNA sequences in a given genome?

Answer 20

southern blotting