Quiz 4 Flashcards
Echinodermata - Chordata and Insects
1
Q
What is Phylum Echinodermata?
A
- Marine / Free Living
- Ossicles (internal skeleton)
- Pentamerous (radial symmetry)
- Pedicellaria (almost microscopic jaws)
2
Q
Ossicles
A
Internal Skeleton
3
Q
Pedicellaria
A
Almost Microscopic Jaws that move debris off of the organism
4
Q
Class Sea Stars
A
- 5 arms
- Tube Feet
- Eversible Stomach (can spit out stomach to save itself from predators and regenerate later
5
Q
Eversible Stomach
A
Sea Stars and Sea Cucumbers can spit it out to save itself from predators and regenerate later
6
Q
Class Brittle Stars
A
- 5 thin arms
- Central Disc Body
- Reduced Tube Feet
- Use Arms to Move
7
Q
Class Sea Urchins
A
- Moveable Spines
- Fused Ossicles (internal skeleton) called a Test
8
Q
Test
A
The Fused Ossicles of Sea Urchins
9
Q
Class Sea Cucumbers
A
- Elongated
- Ossicles Reduced (internal skeleton)
- Eversible Stomach
10
Q
Phylum Chordata
A
Must Go Through All Stages
- Notochord: stiff rod that runs down dorsal surface to offer support
- Dorsal Nerve Tube: runs along side notochord
- Gill Slits: Gill Pouches
- Post Anal Tail
11
Q
Notochord
A
stiff rod that runs down dorsal surface to offer support
12
Q
Dorsal Nerve Tube
A
runs along side notochord
13
Q
Gill Slits
A
Gill Pouches
14
Q
Post Anal Tail
A
one requirement for Phylum Chordata
15
Q
Subphylum Tunicates (Main is Phylum Chordata)
A
- Sac like bodies
- marine filter-feeders
- grow attached to surfaces
16
Q
Subphylum Tunicates Species Example
A
Sea Squirts
17
Q
Subphylum Vertebrada (Main Phylum Chordata)
A
- Cranium
- Vertebre surrounds spinal cord
- 2 pairs of appendages (Four total, two front and two back)
18
Q
Phylum Arthropoda
A
- Largest Phylum
- 75% of all animals (most are insects)
- Separate sexes
- Lived for 300 million years
19
Q
Crypsis
A
to visually trick a predator
20
Q
Types of Crypsis
A
- Camouflage
- Mimesis
- Mimicry
21
Q
Camouflage
A
to blend into the general background
22
Q
Mimesis
A
to look like something that a predator would have no interest in (stick bugs / leaf mantid)
23
Q
Warning Coloration
A
the use of bright colors that attract attention so the predator is aware not to eat that organism
24
Q
General Mimicry
A
organism mimics another organism
25
Batesian Mimicry
organism mimics a dangerous organism BUT they are NOT dangerous themselves
26
Mullerian Mimicry
organism mimics a dangerous organism AND they ARE dangerous themselves
27
Functions of Exoskeleton
what system gives an organism support/protection/and keeps muscles attached
28
What is an Exoskeleton Made of?
Made of Chitin
29
Chitin
takes in pigments
30
Exoskeletons must be...
molted
31
Hearing
- Tympanum
| - Antennae
32
Compound Eye
Detect Movement
33
Simple Eye
Detects Light vs Dark
34
Smell
- use pheromones
- Antennae
- Feet
35
Trachea
Used for breathing
36
Spiracles
side holes used for breathing (better system for smaller insects)
37
Legs: 5 Main Segments
- From Closest to body to Foot-
- Coxa
- Trochanter
- Femur
- Tibia
- Tarsus
38
Body Parts: 3 Major
- Head
- Thorax
- Abdomen
39
Head Parts
- 2 Antennae
- 2 Compound Eyes
- 2-3 Simple Eyes
- Mouthparts
40
Thorax
- 3 segments each has a pair of legs
| - wigs are connected here
41
Abdomen
-segmented no legs or wings
42
Metamorphosis Cycle
- egg born on food source then...
- larvae then...
- pupa then...
- rearrange into adult form
43
Incomplete Metamorphosis
-egg
-nymph or naiad
-adult
may eat different than adult or live in diff environment
44
Simple Growth / No Metamorphosis
egg-young-adult
| most primitive
45
Order Zygentoma Species
Silverfish
46
Order Zygentoma Traits
- primitive (no metamorphosis)
- terminal filaments
- body with scales
- chewing mouthparts
47
Order Odonata
Dragonflies / Damselflies
48
Order Odonata Traits
- 2 pairs of membranous wings
- naiad during development
- large head/eyes
- short antennae
- eat flying insects
- chewing mouthparts
49
Dragonfly Wings
hold wings out to their sides when landed
50
Damselfly Wings
fold wings over abdomen when landed
51
Order Odonata Species
Dragonfly and Damselfly
52
Order Orthoptera Species
- Short and Long Horned Grasshoppers (diff antennae length)
- Jerusalem Cricket (Potato Bug)
- Average Cricket
53
Order Orthoptera Traits
- thickened front wings
- membraneous hind wings
- jumping legs
- chewing mouthparts
54
Short-Horned Grasshopper
Brown
| Short antennae
55
Long-Horned Grasshopper
Brownish Green
Long Antennae
Flatter body
56
Jerusalem Cricket
(Potato Bug)
- Live in soil
- Thick body
57
Average Cricket
Average Cricket
58
Order Mantodea Species
Praying Mantis
59
Order Mantodea Traits
- carnivirous
- grasping front legs
- beneficial to humans
- winged
60
Order Dermaptera Species
Ear Wigs
61
Order Dermaptera Traits
- front wings are short and leathery
- hind wings are membranous
- pinchers on abdomen
- chewing mouthparts
62
Order Blattaria Species
Cockroaches and Termites
63
Termites
-cast system:
| reproductives, workers, soldiers
64
Termite: Reproductives
black/brown bodies
| maybe wings
65
Termite: Worker
white
| no wings
66
Termite: Solider
large head
| pinchers
67
Order Hemiptera Traits
- True Bugs
- scutellum
- mouthparts form jointed beak
- beak sucks plant juice
- beak is folded under body
- many species are pest
-Sucking Insects
piercing beak
roof like resting wing position
68
Scutellum
Triangle shape formed from folded wings on the backs of Order Hemiptera bugs
69
Milkweed Bug
Red/Black markings
| Order Hemiptera
70
Harlequin Bug
Red/Orange
+ shape on scutellum
Order Hemiptera
71
Water Strider
Silver/Grey
Water-Treading Bugs
Order Hemiptera
72
Cicadas
Order Hemiptera
Sucking Insect
Suck on Trees
73
Aphids
wingless
when they drink too much plant juice they secrete honeydew that ants love
Order Hemiptera
74
Order Neuroptera Traits
- Noticeable Antennae
- Eat Other Insects
- Veiny Wing Structure
75
Order Neuroptera Species
Green Lacewing
76
Green Lacewing
Green bodies
| Golden Eyes
