Quiz 4

Question 1

Define the term technological disaster

Answer 1

a disaster that occurs as a result of human actions or technological failures

anything pertaining to science or industry

Question 2

list the hazard based classifications of technological disasters

Answer 2

toxicological: chemical releases, air pollution, radiation, oil spills

Thermal: fires, explosions, bombing

Mechanical: transport crash, structural failure

Question 3

list examples of unintentional technological disasters

Answer 3

Unintentional disasters include:
Industrial incidents 
Structure failure 
Transportation crashes       
Military accidents 
Radiation disasters
Fire disasters

Explosion: 2012 Congo munitions dump
Fires: 2011 Makati district in Manila, Philippines
Spill: 2010 Gulf of Mexico, Deep Water Horizon
Releases: Fukushima, Japan 2011

Question 4

list examples of intentional technological disasters

Answer 4

Intentional disasters include:
Armed conflicts & warfare
Terrorism & sabotage
Deforestation
Desertification 
Pollution

Question 5

Define the term industrial disaster

Answer 5

the release or spill of a hazardous material from an industrial source that results in an abrupt and serious disruption in society

release: gases/aerosols
Spill: liquid/solid

Question 6

id different types of industrial disasters (overt, rapid etc.)

Answer 6

Obvious v covert

Rapid v slow-onset

Intentional v unintentional

Question 7

id the factors that affect the severity of an industrial disaster

Answer 7

Natural factors: site topography, atmospheric conditions, na-techs
Socio-economic factors: poverty increases vulnerability, higher-risk facilities more likely to be found in countries with sizeable poor/minority populations
Socio-political factors: transfer of high risk industries to developing nations
Human factors/situational factors (time of day, location etc.)

Question 8

define the word terrorism

Answer 8

the calculated use of violence or threat of violence to induce fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate goats or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious or ideological

the purpose of terrorism is to terrorise

Question 9

list the typical strategies used by terrorists

Answer 9

create chaos and confusion
disrupt normal function
undermine societal infrastructure (transportation, communication, PH)
undermine confidence in govt and community security
to violate belief in safety from harm
draw media attention

Question 10

define weapons of mass destruction

Answer 10

CBRNE
C: chemical
B: biological
R: radiological
N: nuclear
E: explosive and incendiary devices

Have the potential to inflict a very large number of casualties

Question 11

id biological, chemical and radiological WMD

Answer 11

Chemical weapons use chemicals to cause poisoning
Biological weapons use bacteria and viruses to cause disease
Radiological weapons use radiation to cause poisoning
Nuclear weapons use nuclear explosions to cause burns and injuries
Explosive and incendiary (fire) devices are the usual kinds of bombs used in war. Some people do not consider these as weapons of mass destruction.