Quiz 4 Flashcards

(44 cards)

1
Q

What are 5 considerations before planting a tree or shrub? (12 total)

A
  • how plant is contained
  • proper tools and equipment
  • time of year
  • existing soil & site conditions
  • soil preferences of species
  • utilities marked
  • plant condition on arrival
  • ground & soil
    -preparation
  • plant weight
  • crew capability
  • familiarization with planting standards
  • knowledge of general after care & follow-up
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2
Q

How can you protect plants’ roots in colder weather?

A

Put leaves or straw on ground to protect roots. Mulching protects roots and crown.

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3
Q

What is a marginally hardy plant? Give 2 examples

A

A species that is in a borderline zone – in Toronto would be a plant that might survive through a mild winter but would struggle if it got very cold.

ex. Butterfly bush, Caryopteris

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4
Q

Two ways to tell if a plant has sun scald:

A
  • sun damage is on south side
  • witch’s broom mutation from sun scrambling dna
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5
Q

If a plant has leaves in the winter and it is windy and cold, what kind of damage is this plant at risk of?

A

Dessication

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6
Q

How can you protect plants against dessication?

A

Wrap in burlap

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7
Q

2 ex. of plants to wrap in burlap in the winter

A

Rhododendrons
Junipers

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8
Q

Which trees are at risk of frost cracks? How to prevent?

A

Trees with think and dark bark.

Wrap trunk in tension wrap or white wash the trunk

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9
Q

Which animals are on the hunt for food in the winter?

A

Rodents and deer.

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10
Q

Which family do rodents especially like to snack on?

A

Rosaceae

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11
Q

Name the pot:
- often have lips to ease lifting
- durable should be recycled and reused
generally 1 gallon size and above

A

Heavyweight molded plastic nursery pots

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12
Q

Name the pot:
- common in industry due to price
- should not be confused with peat moss pots
- always remove
when planting
- water permeable coating

A

Fibre pots

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13
Q

What does B&B mean?

A

Balled and burlapped shrubs and trees

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14
Q

These trees and shrubs are:
- generally field grown and dug in the spring
- wrapped and laced for extra support

A

Balled and Burlapped

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15
Q

Why are trees in wire baskets?

A
  • provides extra support to the root balls of larger trees
  • allows easier lifting and moving
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16
Q

Name 3 Advantages and 3 disadvantages of B&B and Wb trees:

A

Advantages
- allows planting of larger trees & shrubs
- more natural and larger root system than containerized plants
- can be planted in spring, summer & fall

Disadvantages
- root ball dries out easily
- more difficult to move because of the weight
- root ball can be lost if transported or lifted incorrectly
- most expensive choice

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17
Q

What attachment could you put on a Bobcat to help plant or remove large/mature trees?

A

Spade attachment

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18
Q

A tree is > ___ ft

19
Q

A shrub is < __ ft

20
Q

When do you need to call utility locates?

A

planting deeper than 3ft

21
Q

How far away from a sidewalk should a plant be?

22
Q

When is the best time to plant trees?

A

Fall, weather is cooler, evergreens won’t dry out more easily. Risk of early frost and little time to establish a root system.

23
Q

If soil is amended what might happen to the tree?

A

Roots won’t spread past the amended soil

24
Q

How to test for drainage in a tree hole?

A

fill with water then water should drain at a rate of 1/2” per hour

25
What should you do if a tree is root bound or girdled?
Trim extended roots and cut ball in butterfly pattern
26
4 reasons for pruning:
1. training the plant 2. maintaining plant health 3., improving the quality of flowers, fruit, foliage, and stems 4. controlling growth
27
What is the best angle of attachment for a branch
between 60-70 degrees
28
Major scaffold branches of shade trees should be vertically spaced at least ___" and preferably ___" apart
8", 20"
29
What does DDDI stand for? What should be done with this wood?
dead, diseased, damaged and interfering. REMOVE!
30
always cut back to a vigorous bud or an intersecting branch, When cutting back to a bud, choose a bud that is pointing in the direction you wish the new growth to take when pruning:
twigs and small branches
31
When pruning back to an intersecting branch you should choose a branch that forms an angle of no more than
45 degrees
32
Make sure to trim thick, heavy branches flush with, NEVER INTERSECTING ___ _______ to reduce risk of serious infection and damage of a chemically protective zone.
the collar
33
Should you paint a tree wound after making a cut?
NO!
34
What type of cut should be used for cutting branches over 1.5" in diametre?
3 part cut. 1. saw bottome branch 6-12" from trunk and cut 1/3 of way through the branch 2. make a second cut from top about 3" further out from the undercut 3. cut away stub
35
Which two pruning techniques should be used in conjunction to prune shrubs?
- thinning (removal of entire branch back to main trunk or stem) - heading back (shortening length of branch)
36
Is staking trees necessary?
No
37
What might happen if you stake a tree unnecessarily?
Delays development of a strong tree
38
Which types of trees can stand not being staked?
- bare root trees - b&b -containerized
39
When should you stake trees? (4)
- Trees that have abnormally small root systems that can’t physically support the larger, above-ground growth (stem and leaves) ie. 6’ BR Emerald Cedar - large trees (WB tree) - fall-planted evergreens - high wind conditions weak trunks
40
What could happen if you leave a stake on too long?
Wounding or girdling from ties too tight against the trunk, especially when they are left on too long. Trunk doesn't taper properly
41
What is the best material to use to tie a tree to stake?
Burlap
42
Which direction should tree be staked in with 1 stake?
Against NW wind. Stake a tree upwind of the prevailing wind.
43
Which direction should tree be staked in with 2 stakes?
Parallel to prevailing winds
44
Which direction should tree be staked in with 3 stakes?
equally spaced around tree with 1 upwind from prevailing winds