Quiz #4

Question 1

Cranial nerves

Answer 1

• emerge directly from cerebrum & brainstem
• emerge above the level of the first vertebrae
• 10 originate in brainstem
• 2 in cerebrum: olfactory & optic

Question 2

Function of cranial nerves

Answer 2

• relay information between brain and parts of body
• primarily info to and from head and neck
• includes senses of vision, smell, taste, and hearing

Question 3

Cranial nerve fiber types

Answer 3

• general somatic efferent fibers
• general visceral afferent fibers
• general visceral efferent fibers
• general somatic afferent fibers

Question 4

Optic nerve

Answer 4

• origin: thalamus
• function: vision
• sensory

Question 5

Trigeminal nerve

Answer 5

• origin: pons
• function: GSA: touch, pain, temp, and vibration for face, mouth, ant. 2/3 of the tongue; GVE: chewing muscles
• both sensory and motor fibers

Question 6

Facial nerve

Answer 6

• origin: pons
• function:
  SVE: muscles of face
  GSA: sensation near ears
  SVA: taste in ant. 2/3 of tongue
  GVE: salivary glands
• both sensory and motor

Question 7

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Answer 7

• origin: pons/medulla junction
• function: hearing and balance
• sensory

Question 8

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 8

• origin: pons/medulla junction
• function:
  SVE: pharyngeal movement
  GVE: parotid gland (salivation)
  GVA: middle ear, pharynx, post. 1/3 of tongue
  SVA: taste on post. 1/3 of tongue
• both

Question 9

Vagus nerve

Answer 9

• origin: medulla
• function:
  SVE: pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles
  GVE: heart, lungs, digestive tract
  GSA: tactile sensation to external ear canal
  GVA: pain from mucous membranes
  SVA: taste from epiglottis and pharynx
• both

Question 10

Spinal accessory nerve

Answer 10

• origin: medulla, spinal cord
• function: neck and shoulder muscles
• motor

Question 11

Hypoglossal nerve

Answer 11

• origin: medulla
• function: muscles of tongue
• motor

Question 12

Muscles of larynx and pharynx

Answer 12

• the vagus nerve (CN X) innervates the striated muscles of larynx and pharynx with the exceptions of
  1. stylopharyngeous muscle (CN IX)
  2. tensor veli palatoni (CN V)

Question 13

Muscles of tongue

Answer 13

• hypoglossal (CN XII) nerve innervates all intrinsic and extrinsic lingual muscles with the exception of the palatoglossus muscle which is innervated by vagus nerve (CN X)
• palatoglossus muscle function is to elevate posterior portion of the tongue, also draws the soft plate inferiorly

Question 14

CN in speech & language

Answer 14

• speaking: V, VII, X, XI, XII
• hearing: V, VII, VIII
• voice: V, VII, X, XII
• swallowing: V, VII, IX, X, XI, XII;
  –oral prep & oral phase: V, VII, X, XI, XII
  –pharyngeal phase: IX, X, XI