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PSYCHIATRIC NURSING QUIZ FINALS > QUIZ 4 > Flashcards

QUIZ 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Symptoms of withdrawal usually begins 4 to 12
hours after cessation or marked reduction of
alcohol intake

A

Coarse hand tremors,
Sweating
3. Elevated pulse and blood pressure
4. Insomnia
5. Anxiety
6. Nausea and vomiting

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2
Q

Severe or untreated withdrawal may progress to
transient hallucinations, seizures

A

Delirium Tremens”

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3
Q

Alcohol withdrawal usually peaks on the

A

2nd day
and is over in about 5 days.

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4
Q

a life threatening
condition and detoxification needs to be
accomplished under medical supervision.

A

Alcohol withdrawa

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5
Q

Safe withdrawal is usually accomplished with the
administration of

A

benzodiazepine

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6
Q

benzodiazepine such as

A

Lorazepam (Ativan ) and Chlordiazepoxide
( Librium ) or Diazepam (Valium )

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7
Q

Withdrawal can be accomplished by fixed
schedule dosing known as

A

tapering

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8
Q

Total
score less than 8 indicate

A

mild withdrawal

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9
Q

8 to 15 means

A

moderate

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10
Q

greater
than 15 indicate

A

severe withdrawal

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11
Q

PHYSIOLOGIC EFFECTS OF LONG TERM
ALCOHOL USE

A

Cardiac Myopathy
 Wernicke Encephalopathy
Korsakoff Psychosis

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12
Q

Acute
neurological condition characterized by clinical triad
of opthalmoparesis

A

Wernicke Encephalopathy

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13
Q

This is life threatening condition brought
about by thiamine deficienc

A

Wernicke Encephalopathy

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14
Q

is a late
complication of persistent Wernicke
encephalopathy

A

Korsakoff Psychosis

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15
Q

Korsakoff Psychosis ( is a late
complication of persistent Wernicke
encephalopathy, results in

A

memory deficit, confusion and behavioral changes

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16
Q

it occurs in 80%
of untreated Wernicke encephalopathy severe
alcoholism is the underlying condition

A

Pancreatitis
 Esophagitis
 Hepatitis
 Cirrhosis
 Leukopenia
 Thrombocytopenia
 Ascites

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17
Q

the most
frequently abused drugs in this category.

A

Benzodiazepines and Barbiturates

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18
Q

(benzo & barbi)
Symptoms of Intoxication:

A
  1. Slurred speech
  2. Lack of coordination
  3. Unsteady gait
  4. Labile mood
  5. Impaired attention or memory
  6. Stupor and coma
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19
Q

Benzodiazepines when taken alone orally in
overdose is not fatal but the person is

A

lethargic and
confused

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20
Q

TREATMENT

A

Gastric lavage & . Dialysis

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21
Q

contrast can be lethal when
taken in overdose

A

Barbiturates

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22
Q

Barbiturates by contrast can be lethal when
taken in overdose. They can cause:

A

. Coma
2. Respiratory arrest
3. Cardiac failure
4. Death

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23
Q

The withdrawal syndrome is characterized by
symptoms that are the opposite of the acute
effects of the drug

A

. Autonomic hyperactivity ( increased pulse, blood
pressure, respirations and temperature )
2. Hand tremor
3. Insomnia
4. Anxiety
5. Nausea
6. Psychomotor agitation

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24
Q

are drugs that stimulate or excite the central
nervous system and have limited clinical use

A

Stimulants

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25
Q

) this was popular in
the past, they were used by people who
wanted to lose weight quickly or stay awake

A

Amphetamines ( Uppers )

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26
Q

n illegal drug with virtually no clinical
use in medicine is highly addictive and a
popular recreational drug because of the
intense and immediate feeling of euphoria it
produces.

A

Cocaine

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27
Q

particularly dangerous.
It is highly addictive and causes psychotic
behavior.

A

Methamphetamine

28
Q

intoxication from stimulants develops rapidly. Effects include :& Physiological effects include:

A

Effects include :  High or euphoric feeling  hyperactivity,  Hypervigilance  Talkativeness  Anxiety  Grandiosity  Hallucinations  stereotypic or repetitive behavior  Anger  Fighting  Impaired judgment
Physiological effects include:  Tachycardia  Elevated blood pressure  Dilated pupils  Perspiration or chills  Nausea  Chest pain
 Confusion
 Cardiac dysrhytmias

29
Q

Overdose in stimulants can result in

A

seizures and
coma. Deaths are rare.

30
Q

an antipsychotic, controls hallucination and lower blood pressure and
relives nausea.

A

Chlopromazine

31
Q

Marked dysphoria is the primary
symptom, accompanied by:

A

Fatigue  Vivid unpleasant dreams  Insomnia or hypersomnia  Increased appetite
 Psychomotor retardation or agitation
 Marked withdrawal symptoms are referred to
as crashing

32
Q

– is the hemp plant that is widely
cultivated for its fiber used to make rope and cloth
and for oil from its seed. I

A

Cannabis Sativa

33
Q

The resin contain
more than 60 substances called

A

cannabinoids

34
Q

refers to the upper leaves, flowering
tops and stems of the plant.

A

Marijuana

35
Q

dried resinous exudate from leaves
of the female plant.

A

Hashish

36
Q

Two cannabinoids approved for the use of
treating nausea and vomiting asoociated with
cancer chemotherapy:

A

. Dronabinol ( Marinol )
2. Nabilone ( Cesamet )

37
Q

Cannabis begins to act
Peak usually occurs in

A

less than 1 minute after
inhalation
20 to 30 minutes and last
at least 2 to 3 hours.

38
Q

Effect on the users: (cannabis)
Symptoms of Intoxication
Additional physiological effects:

A

Effect on the users:  High feeling same to that on alcohol  Lowered inhibitions  Relaxation
 Euphoria  And increases appetite
Symptoms of Intoxication:  Impaired motor coordination
 Inappropriate laughter  Impaired judgment  Short term memory, and distortions of time
and perception. ○ Anxiety, dysphoria and social withdrawal may
occur in some users.
Additional physiological effects:  Conjunctival injection ( bloodshot eyes )  Dry mouth
 Hypotension
 Tachycardia

39
Q

Excessive use of cannabis may produce

A

delirium

40
Q

are popular drugs of abuse because
they desensitize the user to both physiological and
psychological pain and induce a sense of euphoria
and well being.

A

Opioids

41
Q

Opioid compounds include both potent
prescription analgesic such as:

A

 Morphine  Meperidine( Demerol )  Codeine  Hydromorphone  Oxycodone  Methadone  Oxymorphone  Hydrocodone  Propoxyphene

42
Q

is a synthetic opioid
used in clinical setting for anesthesia.This also is
thought to be the cause for dramatic increase in
death from opioid deaths due to overdose

A

Fentanyl

43
Q

Opioid intoxication develops soon after the initial
euphoric feeling.

A

Symptoms:  Apathy  Lethargy  Listlessness  Impaired judgment  Psychomotor retardation or agitation
 Constricted pupil  Drowsiness  Slurred speech
 Impaired attention and memory

44
Q

Severe intoxication and overdose can lead to: (opiod)

A

Coma  Respiratory depression
 Pupillary constriction
 Unconsciousness  Death

45
Q

an opioid antagonist is the
drug of choice because it reverses all signs of opioid
toxicity.

A

Naloxone

46
Q

Opioid withdrawal develops once drug intake
ceases or decreases markedly. Symptoms
( initially):

A

 Anxiety  Restlessness  Aching back and legs  Cravings for more opioids

47
Q

Symptoms progresses to the following:

A

Nausea  Vomiting  Dysphoria ( a depressed low energy state
characterized by flattened emotions, lack of
interest in sex and physical immobility)  Lacrimation
 Rhinorrhea  Sweating  Diarrhea  Yawning  Fever  Insomnia

48
Q

Heroin produce withdrawal symptoms in

A

n 6 to 24
hrs; the symptoms peak in 2 to 3 days and gradually
subside in 5 to 7 days.

49
Q

( opoid) Withdrawal Symptom such

A

s anxiety, insomnia, dysphoria, anhedonia and drug craving may persists
for weeks or months.

50
Q

hallucinogen effects

A

Effects:  Increased pulse, blood pressure, and
temperature  Dilated pupils  Hyperreflexia ( presence of hyperactive stretch
reflexes of the muscles)examples: finger
flexion reflexes; jaw jerks, clonus and
“irradiating” reflexes

51
Q

are substances that distort the user’s
perception of reality and produce symptoms similar to psychosis, including hallucinations

A

HALLUCINOGEN

52
Q

Example of hallucinogen:

A

Mescaline  Psilocybin
 Lysergic acid diethylamide  Designer drug such as ecstasy

53
Q

developed as anesthetic is
included because it acts similarly to hallucinogen.

A

Phencyclidine

54
Q

hallucinogen
Symptoms of Intoxication( Marked by several
behavioral or psychological changes):

A

Symptoms of Intoxication( Marked by several
behavioral or psychological changes):
 Anxiety
 Depression
 Paranoid ideation
 Ideas of reference
 Fear of losing one’s mind
 Potentially dangerous behaviors such as
jumping out of a window in the belief than one
can fly.

55
Q

Hallucinogen Physiological Symptoms:

A

Physiological Symptoms:
 Sweating
 Tachycardia
 Palpitations
 Blurred vision
 Tremors and lack of coordination

56
Q

Psychotic reaction is best managed by

A

external
stimuli isolation

57
Q

Treatment of toxic reaction is supportive:

A

external
stimuli isolation, Physical restraints

58
Q

HALLUCINOGEN
Toxicity symptoms:

A

 Seizures  Hypertension
 Hyperthermia  Respiratory depression

59
Q

used and mechanical ventilation is used to
support respirations.

A

Cooling devices such as hyperthermia blankets

60
Q

Are a diverse group of drugs that include
anesthetics, nitrates, and organic solvents, that are
inhaled for their effects.

A

INHALANTS

61
Q

Common substances on this category are:

A

Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons found
in gasoline, paint thinner, glue, and spray
paint.  Less frequently used halogenated
hydrocarbons include cleaners, correction
fluid, spray can propellants, and
other compounds containing esters, ketones, and glycoles.

62
Q

○ Inhalants can cause significant

A

brain damage, peripheral nervous system damage and liver
disease.

63
Q

Intoxication symptoms: (INHALANTS)

A

Intoxication symptoms:  Dizzeness  Nystagmus ( rapid uncontrolled repetitive
movement of the eye)  Lack of coordination
 Slurred speech
 Unsteady gait  Tremor  Muscle weakness  Blurred vision
 Stupor and coma can occur

64
Q

(INHALANTS)
TREATMENT

A

Supporting cardiac and respiratory
functioning

65
Q

People who abuse inhalants may suffer from

A

persistent dementia, or inhalant induced disorders
such as psychosis, anxiety or mood disorders

PSYCHIATRIC NURSING QUIZ FINALS (3 decks)

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