Quiz 4 Flashcards
A group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate
Examples:
- The window opened.
- The old man walked across the street
Clause
A group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate
Examples:
- The window opened.
- The old man walked across the street
Clause
The smallest grammatical unit that can express a complete proposition/thought
Clause
How many types of clauses are there and what are they?
Two - independent and dependent
A group of words with a subject and a predicate that can stand alone as a complete sentence - expresses a complete thought
Independent Clause
One of these is also called a simple sentence
Independent (or Main) Clause
These connect words, phrases, and clauses.
Example: I had eggs and bacon and toast for breakfast
Coordinating Conjuntions
How many coordinating conjunctions are there?
Seven
- For
- And
- Nor
- But
- Or
- Yet
- So
What is the acronym to remember the coordinating conjuntions
FAN BOYS
For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
These connect independent clauses
Coordinating conjuntions
When connecting two independent clauses with a coordinating conjuntions, place a _____ after the first clause and before the conjunction
Comma
Example: The old man walked silently across the cold, deserted street, and he looked forward to the fire that awaited him at home.
A sentence that contains two or more independent clauses
Compound Sentence
The other main way to connect independent clauses is with a _____
Semi-colon
The semi-colon connect independent clauses without the _____ and ______ _____
Comma
Coordinating Conjunction
What it is a called when a writer connects two independent clauses with a coordainting conjunction but leaves out the comma.
Run-on sentence
Or
Fused sentence
When a writer tried to splice two idenpendent clauses together with only a comma and forgets the coordinating conjuntions
Comma splice
A group of words with a subject and a predicate that can not stand alone as a complete sentence
It does not express a complete thought
Dependent Clause
A dependent clause begins with a _____ ______
Subordinating conjunction
Example: while Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote The Scarlett Letter
Because it is not a complete thought, a dependent clause needs a ____ ____ to become a complete sentence
Independent clause
A dependent clause combined with an independent clause is a ____ ____
Complex sentence
Examples of subordinating conjunctions
WHITE BUS
- WHenever
- If
- Though
- Even if
- Because
- Unless
- Since
A dependent clause always begins with a ___ ____
Subordinating conjunction
Unlike coordinating conjunctions, which are separate devices that connect independent clauses, subordinating conjunctions are part of the
Actual dependent clause
When combing in dependent and independent clauses, the punctuation ____ depending on which clause appears first
Differs
When a dependent clause introduces an independent clause, a ____ goes after the dependent clause
Comma
Example: Even though Nathaniel Hawthorne was not a Transcendentalist, he chose to live in the utopian Brook Farm community.
When an independent clause introduces a dependent clause, ___ ____ is necessary
No comma
Example: Nathaniel Hawthorne chose to live in the utopian Brook Farm community even though he was not a Trancendentalist
A compound-complex sentence contains at least ___ independent clauses and at least ___ dependent clause
Two
One
Compound-complex sentences follow the same punctuation rules as ____ sentences and ____ sentences.
- Compound
- Complex
Examples of Conjunctive Adverbs
L-THANOS
- Likewise
- Therefore
- However
- Also
- Next
- Otherwise
- Still
A conjunctive adverb may ____, ____, or ____ a single main clause
Introduce
Interrupt
Conclude
Conjunctive adverbs must always be separated from the rest of the sentence by ____.
Commas
Example: HOwever, one must remember the variations on grammar rules.
Conjunctive adverbs function as ____ in that they connect independent clauses
Conjunctions
Conjunctive adverbs function as conjunction in that they connect ____ ____.
Independent clauses
Only ____ ____ can connect independent clauses with a comma
Coordinating conjunctions (FAN BOYS)
Conjunctive adverbs must follow the punctuation rules relating to ______
Semi-colons
When a conjunctive adverb connects two independent clauses in one sentence, it is preceded by a ____ and followed by a ____
Semicolon
Comma
Example: Nathaniel Hawthorne was not a Transcendentalist; however, he chose to live in the utopian Brooke Farm community.
The following sentence is an example of a _____
Nathaniel Hawthorne was not a Trancendentalist; however, he chose to live in the utopian Brook Farm community.
Conjunctive adverb connecting two independent clauses
The follow sentence is an example of a _____
The old man walked across the street.
Clause
The following is an example of a ____
The old man walked silently across the cold, deserted street.
Independent or MAin Clause
The following is an example of a _____
The movie theater was sold out for it was the film’s opening night.
Run-on sentence / fused sentence
The following is an example of _____
Choosing a new class president was difficult, many fine candidates ran.
Comma splice
The following is an example of a _____
While Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote The Scarlett Letter
Dependent or Subordinate Clause
The following is an example of a _____ sentence
While Nathaniel wrote The Scarlett Letter, he was engaging in profound discussions with his friend Herman Melville.
Complex
The following is an example of a _____ sentence
Nathaniel Hawthorne chose to live in the utopian Brook Farm community even though he was not a Transcendentalist, and he wrote The Blythedale Romance about his experiences.
Compound-complex
