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Pharmaceutics 2 > Quiz 4 > Flashcards

Quiz 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Heat increases what kind of energy?

A

kinetic

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2
Q

The rate of a reaction is proportional to the ?

A

number of collisions per unit time

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3
Q

Activation Energy

A

minimum energy required to start a chemical reaction
numeric representation of the energy barrier

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4
Q

Transition State

A

unstable high energy state

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5
Q

Higher the temperature, the faster?

A

the rate of drug degradation

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6
Q

The lower the activation energy, the faster the?

A

rate

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7
Q

Arrhenius equation

A

effect of temperature on reaction rates
assumes reaction order and mechanism are the same

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8
Q

Kinetic results obtained by studies at higher temperatures can be used to determine?

A

rate of drug degradation
shelf-life

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9
Q

Accelerated Stability Testing

A

predicts stability of drug products
establishes a quantitative relationship between T and K

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10
Q

Catalysts

A

lower Ea of a reaction
is not consumed
does not change the equilibrium of a system

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11
Q

Is there a general trend of the effect of pH on reaction catalysis?

A

no

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12
Q

Specific acid catalysis

A

occurs when [H3O^+] appears in the rate law

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13
Q

Specific base catalysis

A

occurs when [OH^-] appears in the rate law

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14
Q

What can effect the Kobs in general acid catalysis?

A

[H3O^+]
undissociated acids

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15
Q

What can effect the Kobs in general base catalysis?

A

[OH^-]
base salts in the buffer

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16
Q

A general acid catalysis is made of a ?

A

weak acid and a conjugate base

17
Q

Roux-en-Y

A

gastric bypass the decreases stomach size and length of intestines, and results in significant weight loss

18
Q

Fentanyl Patch

A

controlled release mechanism with topical application
great alternative for long-acting pain management in end of life care
ensure to rotate site of patch application
do not use near heating pads/blankets

19
Q

Why does the Deposit-Provera injection work?

A

microcrystal suspension has low solubility which allows the drug to be slowly released over several months

20
Q

Nuvaring

A

vaginal ring that allows for lower doses, steady drug levels, and less frequent administration

left in vagina for 3 weeks.

21
Q

Pediatric dosage forms

A

chewable tablets - not for <2 years old
oral liquids- more than 2.5 mL difficult to administer
ODT- must be small and have neutral taste

22
Q

Stimulus causes sodium influx which causes an?

A

action potential

23
Q

Aromatic rings improve what kind of solubility that affects potency?

A

lipid

24
Q

lower pKa means a x proportion of the medication in a lipophilic tertiary state can penetrate into the nerve

A

greater

25
Q

Amide or ester linkage relate to

A

metabolism

26
Q

Higher affinity for protein binding correlates with a ?

A

longer duration of action

27
Q

MOA

A

blocks both the initiation and conduction of nerve impulses by decreasing the neuronal membrane’s permeability to sodium ions

results in inhibition of depolarization with resultant blockade of conduction

28
Q

Most anesthetics are marketed in a solution with a pH of ?

A

5-7

29
Q

Why do we not use multi dose vials for spinal anesthesia?

A

preservative in them may cause osmotic changes, swelling, and damage to spinal cord

30
Q

vasoconstrictors will decrease

A

blood flow

31
Q

Bupivacain liposomal 1.3% suspension

A

colloidal preparation
lasts up to 72 hours
cannot contact antiseptics
should be administered no sooner than after 20 minutes after the injection of lidocaine

32
Q

IV injection of topi vaccine or bupivacaine can lead to ?

A

seizures, severe cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, or death

33
Q

exogenous lipids provide an alternative source of binding known as ?

A

the lipid sink effect

34
Q

What are good predictors of success when using lipid therapy?

A

high lipid partition constant and large volumes of distribution

Pharmaceutics 2 (6 decks)

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