Quiz 4

Question 1

Three ways antecedents can be manipulated to EVOKE desired behavior

Answer 1

1. Present Sd or cues that have stimulus control over desired bx
2. Arrange EO such that consequences of desirable bx more reinforcing
3. Decrease response effort for desirable bx

Question 2

Sd/cues to evoke healthy eating (examples of antecedent interventions

Answer 2

Sd/cues to evoke healthy eating: Healthy foods in lunch bag at home & at home; list of healthy foods when shopping, graph of healthy eating posted

Question 3

Three ways antecedent interventions can be manipulated to DECREASE undesired bx

Answer 3

1. Remove Sd/cues for undesirable bx (make undesirable bx less likely)
2. Arrange AO to decrease value of reinforcer for undesirable bx
3. Increase response effort for undesirable bx

Question 4

Sd/cues that can be removed to decrease unhealthy eating

Answer 4

Remove unhealthy foods from house; stop bringing change for vending machine to work

Question 5

Definition of Positive Punishment

Answer 5

Presentation of aversive stimuli/event contingent on bx that results in decrease in future probability of bx

Question 6

4 types of Positive Punishment

Answer 6

1. Overcorrection
2. Contingent exercise
3. Guided compliance
4. Physical restraint

Question 7

Overcorrection

Answer 7

Client required to engage in effortful bx for period of time contingent on pb
TWO TYPES: Positive practice and Restitution

Question 8

Positive Practice

Answer 8

Type of overcorrection bx
Client has to engage in correct form of relevant bx contingent on bx
Client engages in CORRECT BX for period of time or until engaged in X number of times
EX: Errors on spelling test = write misspelled words 10 times each

Question 9

Restitution

Answer 9

Contingent on pb, clinet has to CORRECT ENCIRONMENTLA EFFECTS OF PB AND RESTORE ENVIRONMENT TO CONDITION BETTER than existed prior to pb
Client “overcorrects” the environmental effects of pb
EX: Child writes on walls with crayon= has to clean wall wrote on AND other walls in room

Question 10

Contingent Exercise

Answer 10

Client made to engage in some from of physical exercise contingent on pb
Must be physical activity that client can engage in independently
EX: Adolescent engages in physical aggression toward peers = teacher required them to do 50 jumping jacks

Question 11

Guided Compliance

Answer 11

During an instuctional situation, if individual engages in pb, individual is guided physically through the instructional situation (e.g., task) contingent on pb
Once initiated, if pb stops and compliance starts, physical guidance withdrawn
EX—often used for noncompliance
Dad asks child to pick up toys = child screams “no” and refuses = dad asks them again to pick up toys and physically guides their hand to pick up each toy

Question 12

Physical Restraint

Answer 12

Contingent on pb, change agent holds immobile part of client’s body (restricts movement) that is involved in the pb
While being physically restrained, client cannot engage in pb or other bx
Change agent does not interact with individual when implementing physical restraint
EX: Adult with IDD engages in severe SIB that is resulting in contusions to head and eyes = direct care staff implements basket hold

Question 13

Define Time-Out

Answer 13

Loss of access to all positive reinforcers for a brief period contingent on problem behavior, which results in a decrease in the problem behavior (negative punishment)

Question 14

Non-exclusionary TO

Answer 14

Individual remains in room while being removed from access to positive SR
Ex: Time-out mat/chair

Question 15

Exclusionary TO

Answer 15

Individual removed from the room (reinforcing environment) where problem behavior occurred and is taken to another room, which removes all sources of positive SR
Ex: Principal’s office