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PTA Skills > Quiz 3 - Wheelchair and Gait > Flashcards

Quiz 3 - Wheelchair and Gait Flashcards

1
Q

axillary crutches

A

crutches that fit under armpit (axilla)

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2
Q

quad cane

A

cane with 4 legs at base

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3
Q

forearm (loftstrand) crutches

A

crutches with forearm cuff and hand grip

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4
Q

gait

A

manner or style of walking

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5
Q

parallel bars

A

stable support bars

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6
Q

reciprocal

A

corresponding but reversed on opposite side

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7
Q

how long is stance phase

A

60%

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8
Q

how long is swing phase

A

40%

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9
Q

stance phase

A

heel strike, loading response, mid stance, heel off, toe off

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10
Q

swing phase

A

initial swing, mid swing, terminal swing

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11
Q

double limb support

A

both limbs are on the ground, first 10% of stance

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12
Q

step length

A

distance from left heel to right heel

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13
Q

average step length

A

male 79 cm, women 66 cm

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14
Q

stride length

A

length from left heel to left heel

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15
Q

cadence

A

steps per minute

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16
Q

gluteus maximus

A

heel strike - midstance

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17
Q

gluteus medius/minimus

A

heel strike - toe off

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18
Q

hip flexors/adductors

A

toe off - midswing

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19
Q

quads

A

heel strike - toe off; toe off - midswing

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20
Q

hamstrings

A

mid swing - heel strike

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21
Q

anterior tibialis/peroneals

A

heel strike - foot flat; toe off - heel strike

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22
Q

gastroc/soleus

A

mid stance - heel off

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23
Q

erector spinae

A

heel strike - heel strike

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24
Q

pre-ambulation

A

activities or procedures completed or assessed before starting ambulation

25
most to least stable ambulatory aids
parallel bars, standard walker - rollator walker, bilateral crutches (axillary-loftstrand), single crutch, quad cane, single cane
26
parallel bars fit
rail level with greater trochanter or wrist crease, elbow 20-25 degrees flexion, 2-4 inches space between hips
27
walker fit
grips at height of greater trochanter or wrist crease, elbow 20-25 degrees flexion, same for all walkers
28
forearm crutches fit
handpiece at greater trochanter, elbow 20-25 degrees flexion, forearm cuff 1-1.5 inches below olecranon process
29
cane fit
grip level with greater trochanter or wrist crease, tip 2 in lateral and 4-6 in forward of toe of show, elbow 20-25 degrees flexion
30
UE involved during swing phase
rhomboids, traps, lats, serratus, shoulder flexors/extensors, elbow flexors/extensors, finger flexors
31
patient guarding when walking
gait belt secure around waist, stand behind patient on weak side, move outer leg with ambulation aid, inside leg with patient's weak leg
32
4 point gait
patient needs FWB, slow and stable, "right crutch, left leg, left crutch, right leg"
33
4 point modified gait
alternating reciprocal, ambulatory aid on strong side, "right crutch, left leg, left arm, right leg"
34
4 point gait can't use
walker, crutches or canes only
35
2 point gait
bilateral ambulatory aids, needs to WB on all four extremities, "right arm with left leg, left arm with right leg"
36
modified 2 point gait
same as 2 point, ambulatory aid on strong side, VERY COMMON
37
3 point gait
NWB on 1 LE, walker or bilateral crutches, advance ambulatory aid/s with NWB LE simultaneously
38
modified 3 point gait
PWB or FWB on affected LE, walker or bilateral crutches, advance ambulatory aid/s with PWB LE simultaneously
39
3 point gait can't use
canes
40
NWB
non weight bearing
41
PWB
partial weight bearing, 5-99%
42
TTWB
toe touch weight bearing
43
WBAT
weight bearing as tolerated
44
FWB
full weight bearing
45
axillary crutch fit
method 1: 77% of height (inches) method 2 (supine): measure crease of armpit to 6-8 inches lateral to heel method 3 (prone): measure crease of armpit to 2 inches lateral and 4-6 inches in front of toes
46
w/c seat height fit
heel to popliteal fossa +2 inches
47
w/c seat height confirmation
sit in w/c with feet in footrests, easily place 2 fingers under thigh at front edge of seat
48
w/c seat depth fit
posterior buttock to popliteal fossa -2 inches, normal 16 inches
49
w/c seat depth confirmation
2-3 fingers between seat and popliteal fold (calf)
50
w/c seat width fit
widest part of hip to other hip +2 inches, normally 18 inches
51
w/c seat width confirmation
hand should fit vertically between hips and armrests
52
w/c back height fit
seat to bottom of armpit -4 inches (shoulder at 90 degrees), normal 16-16.5 inches
53
w/c back height confirmation
4 fingers between top of seat and floor of armpit, hand vertical
54
w/c arm rest height fit
seat to olecranon +1 inch, elbow at 90 degrees, normal 9 inches above seat
55
w/c arm rest height confirmation
observe shoulder, trunk and arm position
56
w/c leg rest length fit/confirmation
2 inches above ground
57
reducing pressure in w/c
weight shifting every hour, schedule, w/c push ups every hour, tilt in space w/c
58
what is not reducing pressure in w/c
adding pillows and cushions

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