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Uro! > Quiz 3 - UTIs and Nephrolithiasis > Flashcards

Quiz 3 - UTIs and Nephrolithiasis Flashcards

1
Q

Adjunctive trick

A

Bromelain 300 mg TID to enhance tissue penetration

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2
Q

Chronic urethritis causes

A

STIs, indwelling catheter, diapers, intercourse, diapers

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3
Q

Bladder CA RFs

A 
smoking
second-hand smoke
env exposure
high coffee intake
high animal protein/fat
radiation
schistosomiasis
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4
Q

Cystitis Tx

if other tx not working within 24-48 hrs or signs of pyelo

A

nitrofuratoin or TMP-SMX

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5
Q

If acute pyelo does not resolve after 5 days of tx

A

Renal abscess (or perinephric abscess)

Tx with abx!
Refer for percutaneous aspiration under CT or US
Surgery

Imaging = CT

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6
Q

Bladder CA Dx

A

UA- hematuria

cytoscopy + biopsy

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7
Q

UTI Urine collection

A

MSCC

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8
Q

only radiolucent stone

A

Uric acid

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9
Q

Acute urethritis in women

A

tetracyclines (eg doxycycline) and fluoroquinolones (eg Cipro) are contraindicated in pregnancy.

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10
Q

Struvite stones etio

A

urea-splitting organisms Proteus, klebsiella, pseudomonas

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11
Q

GCU ssxs in men

A

purulent dc, dysuria, itching

meatal edema, tenderness

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12
Q

Dx Interstitial cystitis

A

dx of exclusion
Hunner’s ulcers
Glomerulations on cystoscopic exam
pain associated with the bladder OR urinary urgency

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13
Q

Abx for pyelo

A

Cipro or

TMP-SMX

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14
Q

Pyelo DDX

A

Emphysematous pyelo
Focal or multifocal bacterial nephritis
Pyonephrosis
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

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15
Q

GCU complications

A

asymptomatic carriage, which may result in chronic infertility, chronic prostatitis, chronic epididymitis, recurrent acute infections, etc. (do cultures of urethra, pharynx, rectum as needed)

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16
Q

Tx Spastic Bladder

A

anticholinergics
catheter
neurorestorative herbs

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17
Q

NGU complications

A

epididymitis, prostatitis, proctitis, Reactive arthritis (reactive arthritis triad: arthritis, uveitis, urethritis), lymphogranuloma venereum

18
Q

Labs tests for male urethritis

A

Urine NAAT PCR

19
Q

Cystitis caused by E. coli…

A

D-mannose works (if type 1 pili)

20
Q

Tx stress incontinence

A

alpha adrenergic agonists, estrogen

21
Q

chronic stone former work-up

A

24-hour urine
PTH
Serum calcium and phosphorus

22
Q

UTIs in boys and men <50

A

abnormality of urinary tract

23
Q

Naturopathic Tx Cystitis

A

vit C, vit A, vit E, D-mannose
white undies
botanicals
alt sitz bath, COPs

24
Q

Ca oxalate stones etiology

A

(75% of stones)

Low water intake
Hyperoxaluria, hypercalciuria
Hyperuricosuria, hypocitriuria
hyperPTH

25
Q

Tx Flaccid Bladder

A

crede’s
acetylcholine derivatives
catheter
neurorestorative herbs

26
Q

IC Tx

A 
prednisone
LDN
hydrodistension
avoid bladder irritants
anxiolytics
antispasmodics
27
Q

Interstitial cystitis Complication

A

gradual ureteral stenosis or reflux –> hydronephrosis

28
Q

Cystitis Dx

A

UA.. if + then

Urine C&S (>100,000 to exclude contamination)

29
Q

minerals/molecules that increase risk of stones

A

calcium, oxalate, phosphate, uric acid

30
Q

Tx of Chlamydia

A

azithromycin (1gm) SD OR

doxycycline 100mg bid for 7d

31
Q

NGU

A

Dysuria, scant dc
Less acute onset (longer incubation period)
Meatal edema and erythema

32
Q

Pathognomonic for pyelo…

A

Glitter cells (neutrophils with cytoplasmic granules)

33
Q

recurrent cystitis

A

vesicoureteral reflex

34
Q

what (physiologically) causes non-colicky pain

A

distention of renal capsule

35
Q

Stone PE

A

Restlessness
CVA tenderness
Abdominal mass with obstruction and hydronephrosis

36
Q

sxs of staghorn stone

A

silent unless recurrent UTIs

37
Q

minerals/molecules that decrease risk of stones

A

sodium, citrate, mag, sulfate

38
Q

Tx of GCU

A

Ceftriaxone (250mg IM) PLUS Azirthomycin OR doxyclycline bid for 7 days

39
Q

Causes of Neurogenic bladder

spastic + flaccid

A

MS, spinal cord injury, DM, ALS, Parkinson’s, spinal or pelvic surgery, degeneration from aging or inflammation

40
Q

Chronic pyelo

A

BL pyogenic kidney infection or congenital reflux nephropathy with renal parenchymal scarring and atrophy of the calyces.
Course over 20+ yrs
usu asx

41
Q

Strangury

A

painful frequent urination in small amounts

if stone blocks ureter

42
Q

what (physiologically) causes renal colic

A

stretching of ureter by obstruction of flow

Uro! (5 decks)

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