Quiz 3 - Skeletal System

Question 1

What’s the role of the skeletal system

Answer 1

The skeletons supports the body, works with the muscles to cause movement, and protects vital organs

Question 2

List the 5 main functions of the skeletal system

Answer 2

Structural support, protection, growth center for cells, reservoir for minerals, & movement

Question 3

How does the skeletal system provide structural support

Answer 3

The skeletal system provides support for soft tissue, like muscles and internal organs

Question 4

How does the skeletal system provide protection, give an example

Answer 4

The skeletal system acts as/ provides a protective cage for more delicate parts of the body ex. The brain is protected by the parietal bone; the heart is protected by the rib cage

Question 5

How is the skeletal system a growth center for cells?

Answer 5

Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are all made by the stem cells in bone marrow.

Question 6

How is the skeletal system a reservoir for minerals?

Answer 6

The skeletal system is a reservoir that the body can call upon to regulate the levels of calcium and phosphorus in the body (and other elements eg. iron)

Question 7

How is the skeletal system an anchor for movement?

Answer 7

Muscles attach to bones by tendons. Muscles contract and move bone to facilitate movement.

Question 8

What does yellow bone marrow do?

Answer 8

Yellow bone marrow stores fat and connective tissue. While red bone marrow produces blood cells

Question 9

How many bones is in the human body?

Answer 9

About 206

Question 10

Why are there more bones in our bodies at birth?

Answer 10

We have about 300 bones at birth with fuse together as we grow. Ex. The scull, parts of the vertebral column (spine)

Question 11

How much of your total body weight does the skeletal system account for?

Answer 11

About 14% of total body weight

Question 12

What are the 5 bone types?

Answer 12

Long bones, short bones, irregular bones, flat bones, and sesamoid bones.

Question 13

What are long bones?

Answer 13

Long bones are bones that are long. Found in arms and legs. Ex. Femur

Question 14

What are short bones?

Answer 14

Short bones are bones that are short. Most common in wrists and ankles. Ex. Carpals and tarsals

Question 15

What are flat bones?

Answer 15

Flat bones are bones that are flat and thin. Often protecting vital organs from injury. Ex. Parietal bone protects the brain

Question 16

What are irregular bones?

Answer 16

Odd looking or odd shaped bones. Ex. Vertebrae or sphenoid bone

Question 17

What are sesamoid bones?

Answer 17

Sesamoid bones are bones that are small, flat and wrapped within tendons that move over a bony surface. Ex. Patella

Question 18

What are the different sections of the skeletal system?

Answer 18

The axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. (Also the visceral skeleton)

Question 19

How many bones are in the axial skeleton?

Answer 19

80 bones

Question 20

What bones is the axial skeleton comprised of?

Answer 20

The vetebral column, much of the scull and the rib cage.

Question 21

What section of the skeleton is the central part of the skeleton apart of?

Answer 21

The axial skeleton

Question 22

Where do most core muscles originate from? Why are they called core muscles?

Answer 22

Most core muscles originate from the axial skeleton. These core muscles help stabilize and support the axial skeleton, thus why they’re called core muscles.

Question 23

How many bones is the appendicular skeleton comprised of?

Answer 23

The appendicular skeleton is comprised of 126 bones

Question 24

What bones does the appendicular skeleton include?

Answer 24

The movable limbs and their girdles (supporting structures).

Question 25

Which part of the skeleton plays a key role is allowing us to move?

Answer 25

The appendicular skeleton

Question 26

Which part of the skeleton is the peripheral part?

Answer 26

The appendicular skeleton is the peripheral part of the skeleton

Question 27

What are the appendicular skeletons 6 major regions? (How many bones and which bones)

Answer 27

1. Pectoral girdle (4 bones) left and right clavicles and scapulas 2. Arms and forearms (6 bones) left and right humerus, ulna, & radius 3. Hands (54 bones) left and right carpals, metacarpals, proximal phalanges, intermediate phalanges, & proximal phalanges 4. Pelvis (2 bones) left and right hip bones 5. Thighs and legs (8 bones) left and right femur, patella, tibia, & fibula 6. Feet and ankles (52 bones) tarsals, metatarsals, proximal phalanges, intermediate phalanges, & distal phalanges

Question 28

What’s

Question 29

What are all the parts of the long bone in order from superficial to deep?

Answer 29

Articular cartilage, cortex, epiphyseal plate, periosteum, compact bone, medullary cavity, cancellous bone

Question 30

What are the ends of the long bone called?

Answer 30

Epiphyses

Question 31

What is the shaft of the long bone called?

Answer 31

Diaphysis

Question 32

What is the purpose of the articular cartilage?

Answer 32

The articular cartilage protects the bones and allows for smooth movement. The articular cartilage has no blood supply or nerve endings

Question 33

Where is the articular cartilage?

Answer 33

The articular cartilage is at the ends of the long bones where the bone interacts with other bones

Question 34

What is the cortex?

Answer 34

The cortex is the exterior layer of the bone. It is smooth and dense and it’s thickness varies depending on the type of bone

Question 35

In what kinds of bones is the cortex thicker?

Answer 35

The cortex is thicker in bones that have to resist bending. Ex. Femur

Question 36

What is the periosteum?

Answer 36

The periosteum is the outer connective tissue, covering the entire length of the bone. It does not unit with the articular cartilage.

Question 37

What’s the purpose of the periosteum?

Answer 37

The periosteum fibres and those of ligaments and tendons unit to connect bones to bones or bones to muscles

Question 38

What’s the medullary cavity?

Answer 38

The medullary cavity is inside the diaphysis of the bone. It is filled with yellow and red bone marrow.

Question 39

What is the cancellous bone (spongy bone)?

Answer 39

The cancellous bone is less dense and full of small cavities which are filled with bone marrow. The cancellous bone strengthens with exercise.

Question 40

What is the compact bone?

Answer 40

The densest part of the bone. Responsible for structural integrity. Strengthens with exercise.

Question 41

Where is the compact bone the thickest?

Answer 41

Along the diaphysis

Question 42

What is the epiphysis? What is it made of?

Answer 42

The epiphysis is at the ends of the bones. The outer surface is made of compact bone and the part that interacts with other bones is covered in cartilage.