Quiz 3: Quantitative Research Flashcards
During the process of designing a research study, you defend an argument for the importance of conducting the study and have provided a strong rationale for the theory applied. What type of validity are you displaying?
a) construct validity
b) logical validity
c) theory application validity
d) reliability
b) logical validity
Which of the following types of data is represented by the ranking of your favourite hobbies from most favourite to least favourite?
a) ordinal data
b) nominal data
c) interval data
d) ratio data
a) ordinal data
Your professor has assigned a project where you are required to replicate the findings from a previously conducted research project. After completing the project, you determine that you are unable to replicate the results. This could represent an issue related to which of the following?
a) reliability
b) logical validity
c) construct validity
d) two of the above are correct
e) all of the above are correct
d) two of the above are correct
If you wanted to complete a study comparing adolescent, middle age, and senior adult health related behaviours, which sampling method would be most beneficial to ensure that there is an equal representation of each age group?
a) systematic sampling
b) connivence sampling
c) purposive sampling
d) stratified random sampling
d) stratified random sampling
You need to collect a wide range of variables for your research project and you want to use measures that assess anxiety, depression scores, physical activity levels, and physical activity preference. What method of data collection typically involves a mix of rating scales?
a) observation
b) surveys (e.g. questionnaires)
c) unstructured interview
d) structured interview
b) surveys (e.g. questionnaires)
Which of the following is a data-collection tool that relies on specific responses and close-ended answers?
a) survey
b) structured interview
c) unstructured interview
d) observation
a) survey or b) structured interview
A histogram displays data points that most frequently cluster close to the y-axis with few data points on the right side of the graph. A histogram displaying this trend suggests what kind of dataset?
a) a positively skewed dataset
b) a negatively skewed dataset
c) a normally distributed dataset
d) none of the above
a) a positively skewed dataset
A “pointy” distribution (i.e., few high scores and low scores with more frequent scores in the middle) is an example of a distribution that can be described by which of the following terms?
a) platykurtic
b) leptokurtic
c) mesokurtic
d) normally distributed
b) leptokurtic
When is practical significance often valued over statistical significance?
a) in qualitative studies
b) in clinical trials
c) when observed effects are extremely valuable
d) two of the above are correct
e) all of the above are correct
d) two of the above are correct
What value can the correlation coefficient range from?
a) 0.0 to 100.0
b) 0.0 to 1.0
c) -1.0 to 1.0
d) -100.0 to 100.0
d) -1.0 to 1.0
Which of the following describes when type 1 errors occur?
a) the null hypothesis is rejected when, in fact, it is true
b) the wrong statistical analysis is completed
c) when there is an ethical error
d) when the null hypothesis is accepted when, in fact, it is false
a) the null hypothesis is ejected when, it fact, it is true
What has occurred if you have incorrectly rejected the null hypothesis?
a) a statistical significance
b) type 2 error
c) no statistical evidence
d) type 1 error
d) type 1 error
Which of the following statements is true?
a) If a researcher was looking to test construct validity by showing how a measure can discriminate itself from other non-related constructs, support for this evidence would be demonstrated by strong negative correlations.
b) Construct validity is all-or-none; a measure is either construct valid or it is not.
c) If a measure changes from its original form (e.g., changing a balance test protocol), it is important to test the construct validity of the modified measure.
d) Logical validity is best tested via the use of statistics.
c) If a measure changes from its original form (e.g., changing a balance test protocol), it is important to test the construct validity of the modified measure.
Which of the following needs to be read in order to adequately evaluate the logical validity of a research study published in a journal?
a) then entire study from beginning to end
b) the measures section of th study
c) the literature review section of the study
d) the methods section of the study
a) the entire study from beginning to end
What is required in order to evaluate the internal validity of a study?
a) a control group
b) manipulation of the independent variable
c) a sample that is representative of the population
d) random assignment of participants to groups
b) manipulation of the independent variable
