Quiz 3: Personality

Question 1

6 types of personality theories

Answer 1

1. Psychodynamic/Freudian
2. Trait
3. Social Cognitive
4. Humanistic
5. Personological
6. Biological

Question 2

Psychodynamic Perspective

Answer 2

-Unconscious mind
-Free association
-3 structures of personality: id, ego, superego
-Defense mechanisms
-Critiques of freud

Question 3

Unconscious mind

Answer 3

a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories

Question 4

Free Association

Answer 4

Patients say whatever comes to mind

Question 5

3 Structure of Personality

Answer 5

Id: pleasure-seeking: the devil (unconscious)
Ego: mediator between id and superego (conscious)
Superego: society rules: the angel (preconscious)

Question 6

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 6

protects us, tactics the ego uses to reduce anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

Question 7

Critiques of Freud

Question 8

Trait perspective

Answer 8

personality consists of broad, enduring dispositions that tend to lead to characteristic patterns of behavior, emotions, and thoughts

Question 9

Big 5 Model of Personality

Answer 9

-Openness
-Conscientiousness
-Extraversion
-Agreeableness
-Neuroticism

Question 10

Critiques of trait perspective

Answer 10

does not explain the origin of personality or how personality traits are developed

Question 11

Social Cognitive Perspective

Answer 11

Emphasizes how personality is influenced by social factors, cognitive factors, and behavior

Question 12

Reciprocal determinism

Answer 12

reciprocal influences of behavior, environment, and person/cognitive factors

Question 13

Person Factor

Answer 13

attitudes, values, self-efficacy, personality

Question 14

Environment Factors

Answer 14

actions of others, social context

Question 15

Behavior Factors

Answer 15

actions, effort, choices, statements

Question 16

Locus of Control

Answer 16

Internal: believing the self is in control; takes responsibility for own actions
External: believing external forces are the cause of one’s own circumstances

Question 17

Personological Perspective

Answer 17

Must understand whole person to understand personality
Ex: written narratives, interviews

Question 18

Humanistic Perspective

Answer 18

Personality evolves out of people’s innate motives to actualize the self
Ex: self-reports tests, interviews

Question 19

Biological Perspective

Answer 19

Personality characteristics reflect underlying biological processes
Ex: twin studies, molecular genetic studies

Question 20

Measuring Personality

Answer 20

self-report questionnaires, behavioral observation, interviews, and projective tests

Question 21

Projective Tests

Answer 21

presents person with an ambiguous stimuli and asks them to describe it/tell a story about it

Question 22

Self-report Tests/Personality Inventories

Answer 22

questionnaires designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors assessing several traits at once