Quiz #3 Flashcards
Glucose (value range)
Adults: 74-106 mg/dL or 4.1-5.9 mmol/L
Critical: < 50 M and < 40 F and >400
Why would glucose be ordered for a patient?
To determine fasting blood glucose and to rule out conditions such as DM. True glucose elevations indicate DM. We monitor glucose levels in DM and to determine amounts of insulin that need to be administered.
What is glucose testing?
It’s testing the free sugar in the blood. A high glucose level means the sugar is unable to be metabolized via insulin. Note that depending on when we check the blood sugar determines whether an elevation is good/bad. Right after a meal you should anticipate a person having a higher blood glucose level.
S/S for high and low glucose
High:
- fasting BG >130 after no food for 8 hrs
- thirst
- frequent peeing
- HA
- fatigue
- blurred vision
- weight loss
- BG will usually be around 180 2 hours after meals
Low:
- heart palpitations
- fatigue
- pale skin
- shakiness
- anxiety
- tingling
- coma
- confusion
- seizures
HbA1C (value range)
Nondiabetic: 4-5.9%
Good diabetic control: <7%
Fair diabetic control: 7-8%
Poor diabetic control: >9%
Why would HbA1C be ordered for a patient?
This is used to monitor diabetes treatment and management.
What is HbA1C testing?
It is testing the amount of sugar bound to hemoglobin in the blood. It monitors the last few months of DM management; typically the last 120 days of DM management.
S/S for high and low HbA1C
High: shows poor diabetic management r/t high blood sugar levels
- thirst
- frequent peeing
- fruity breath
- blurred vision
- weight loss
- fatigue
Low: good management
- asymptomatic since BG is well managed???
Total Cholesterol (value range)
<200 mg/dL or <5.20 mmol/L
Why would total cholesterol be ordered for a patient?
We want to identify those patients at greatest risk for atherosclerotic heart disease. Low cholesterol could indicate liver disease since it’s produced in the liver.
What is total cholesterol testing?
Testing the amount of cholesterol in the blood. High levels indicate risk or possible atherosclerotic heart disease.
S/S for high and low cholesterol.
High:
- asymptomatic until you have the issue like stroke, heart attack, aneurysm
Low:
- hoplessness
- nervousness
- confusion
- agitation
- changes in mood, sleep, eating patters
*note that cholesterol is involved in the production of steroids, sex hormones, bile acids, and cell membranes
PaO2 value range
80-100
critical: <40
Why would PaO2 be ordered for a patient?
We want to see how much oxygen is being dissolved in arterial blood to determine whether we have an oxygenation need.
What is PaO2 testing?
Measuring oxygen content of the arterial blood.
