Quiz 3 Flashcards
What does ground substance largely do for the PDL?
It provides nutrients, but in implants, this is not occurring.
What are 5 characteristics of Cementum?
- It is a thin layer of hard, mineralized tissue that covers the surface of the roots
- It is light yellow
- It overlies dentin
- It is like bone, but more resistant to resorption than bone
- It does not have its own blood or nutrient supply
What are the different types of cementum and what is the cementoenamel junction relationships?
Acellular cementum - primary cementum (up near the CEJ)
Cellular cementum - secondary cementum (more apical)
– 60 - 65 % cementum overlaps enamel
– 5 - 10 % cementum does not meet enamel
– 30 % cementum meets enamel at a butt joint
- It is the 5-10% people who would have the most sensitivity because the dentin is directly exposed to the environment
What are the six causes of oral pigmentation?
- Physiologic (genetic)
- Iatrogenic mechanisms (amalgam tattoo)
- Local irritants (smoking)
- UV exposure
- Complex medical disorders (Peutz-jeghers syndrome)
- Cellular hyperplasia that can range from benign nevi to fatal oral melanoma
What are the different divisions of pigmented lesions?
Diffuse & bilateral, and Focal. From diffuse & bilateral you have early onset and adult onset. From early onset you have physiologic and medical disorders. From adult onset you have systemic (addisons disease) and non-systemic (smoking disorder and drug abuse). From Focal, you have Red-blue-purple, blue-grey, and brown. From red-blue-purple you have branching (Varix) and non-branching (thrombus or hematoma). From blue-grey you have amalgam tattoo and blue nevus. From brown you have melanoma and pigmented nevus and melanotic molecule.
How common are melanocytes in caucasians and where are they found?
They are found in 60 to 70% of subjects and found in the stratum basale and the suprabasal stratum spinosum.
What is smoker’s melanosis?
It is melanin pigmentation occurring in the peridontium of heavy smokers. It occurs in 1 to 5 smokers, especially in females taking birth control pills. Melanocytes are stimulated by nicotine. It can also be found in the mouths of children due to environmental exposure.
What are the six common infections found in the oral cavity?
- Caries
- Periapical Lesions
- Fungal
- Viral
- Abcesses
- Periodontal
What is the definition of periodontal health (clinical)?
Defined as a state in which the tissues are free from
clinical inflammation.
What is the definition of gingivitis?
An inflammatory process confined to the gingival
tissues.
- caused by nonspecific accumulation of plaque.
- usually is reversible.
What is the definition of periodontitis?
Inflammation not confined to the gingiva, but
involves the attachment apparatus: cementum, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and soft tissues.
• starts as gingivitis*, but progresses to destroy the bone and soft tissues that support the tooth.
What are the three factors contributing to periodontal disease?
- Microbial plaque
- Genetics/ Host factors
- Acquired/ Environmental factors
What does NHANES stand for? And what was their important finding?
National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey. Than nearly 50% of all American adults suffer from periodontitis.
What were the 4 Koch’s postulates in the 1870’s to identify the causative agent of an infectious disease?
- Microorganism or pathogen must be present in all cases of the disease
- Pathogen can be isolated from the diseased host and grown in pure culture
- Pathogen from the pure culture must cause the disease when inoculated into a healthy, susceptible laboratory animal
- Pathogen must be reisolated from the new host and shown to be the same as the originally inoculated pathogen
How long did it take with no oral hygiene practices for clinical gingivitis to occur in the 1965 Loe study?
10-21 days
- The appearance of gram negative flora preceded the onset of clinically detectable gingivitis by 3-10 days.
