Quiz 3

Question 1

Sleeping at 4-6 months or 12-13 pounds

Answer 1

Sleeping through the night (6-8 hours)

Sleep training opportunity

Question 2

Social development at 2 months

Answer 2

Arousal at sight of peers and mutual gaze
Social smiling
Vocalizations (cooing)
Reaching toward peers

Question 3

Social development at 4 months

Answer 3

Mostly joy and interest

Question 4

Social development at 6-9 months

Answer 4

Reciprocity of gestures

Question 5

Social development at 12 months

Answer 5

Disgust, anger

Question 6

Early Attachment Theories

Answer 6

Bowlby & Harlow

Question 7

Bowlby Attachment Theory

Answer 7

Children come into the world biologically pre-programmed to form attachments with others, because this will help them to survive

Lorenz- ducklings

Question 8

Harlow Attachment Theory

Answer 8

Rhesus monkeys

Mother love as emotional rather than purely physiological for healthy psychological development

Capacity for attachment associated with critical periods in early life

Impact of early maternal deprivation could be reversed in monkeys only if <6 months

Question 9

Ainsworth Strange Situation: Attachment Types

Answer 9

Secure
Insecure-avoidant
Insecure-ambivalent
Insecure-disorganized

Question 10

Ainsworth Strange Situation: Secure Attachment

Answer 10

Caregiver behaviors: React quickly and positively to child’s needs, responsive to child’s needs

Child behaviors: Distressed when caregiver leaves, happy when caregiver returns, seek comfort from caregiver when sad or scared

Question 11

Ainsworth Strange Situation: Insecure-Avoidant Attachment

Answer 11

Caregiver behaviors: Unresponsive, uncaring, dismissive

Child behaviors: No distress when caregiver leaves, does not acknowledge return of caregiver, does not seek or make contact with caregiver

Question 12

Ainsworth Strange Situation: Insecure-Ambivalent Attachment

Answer 12

Caregiver behaviors: Responds to child inconsistently

Child behaviors: Distress when caregiver leaves, not comforted by return of caregiver

Question 13

Ainsworth Strange Situation: Insecure-Disorganized Attachment

Answer 13

Caregiver behaviors: Abusive or neglectful, responds in frightening or frightened ways

Child behaviors: No attaching behaviors, often appear dazed, confused or apprehensive in presence of caregiver

Question 14

Temperament

Answer 14

biological basis of the affective arousal, expression, and regulatory components of personality that contribute to a wide range of developmental outcomes, including individual personality traits

Question 15

4 distinct cries at birth

Answer 15

Birth cry
Pain cry
Hunger cry
Pleasure cries - Exclamatory vocalizations from which language develops

Question 16

Cooing

Answer 16

Begins just before 3 months

Vowel sounds made when babies are happy
90% of verbalizations are back consonants (/g/ and /k/) and mid-vowels i.e., sounds made in the back of the throat

Question 17

Babbling

Answer 17

6-10 months

Question 18

First Words

Answer 18

First words (in own language) generally occur around 1 year

Generally in simplified forms - Dropping unstressed syllables, repeating consonant sounds, reducing consonant clusters
Phonological processes
Principle of “least effort”