quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Benedict’s reagent

A

Tests for glucose
Positive: Yellow, Orange, and Red

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2
Q

Iodine (IKI / I2K reagent

A

Tests for starch
Positive: Dark Blue

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3
Q

Sucrose ___ into glucose and fructose

A

Hydrolyzes

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4
Q

Solvent

A

dissolving agent

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5
Q

Solute

A

dissolved substance

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6
Q

Selective Permeability

A

Some substances can cross the plasma membrane easier than others

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7
Q

Osmosis

A

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

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8
Q

Tonicity

A

The ability of surrounding solution that causes the cell to gain or lose water

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9
Q

Isotonic

A

solute concentration is the same as that inside the cell – no net movement

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10
Q

Hypertonic

A

solute concentration is GREATER than that inside the cell – cell LOSES water

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11
Q

Hypotonic

A

solute concentration is LESSER than that inside the cell – cell GAINS water

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12
Q

Human/Animal cells prefer a

A

Isotonic Solution

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13
Q

In a hypertonic environment, plant cells LOSE water which leads to a lethal effect

A

Plasmolysis

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14
Q

*Plant cells prefer a

A

Hypotonic Solution

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15
Q

Turgid

A

a plant cell in a hypotonic solution that swells until the wall opposes uptake

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16
Q

Flaccid

A

a plant cell in an isotonic solution with no net movement of water into the cell - wilting

17
Q

Osmosis

A

the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane from a region where it is highly concentrated to a region where its concentration is lower.

18
Q

Enzyme

A

biological catalysts – catalytic protein

19
Q

Catalysts

A

a chemical agent that speeds up a reaction without being consumed by the reaction

20
Q

Substrate

A

the reactant that an enzyme acts on

21
Q

Enzyme-Subtrate-Complex

A

formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate

22
Q

Active Site

A

the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds

23
Q

*Enzymes are affected by or are sensitive to:

A

Temperature, PH, Chemicals, Inhibitors

24
Q

Competitive Inhibitors

A

bind to the active site of an enzyme and compete with the substrate

25
Q

Noncompetitive Inhibitors

A

bind to another part of an enzyme, causing a shape change to the enzyme – making the active site less effective

26
Q

Cofactors

A

non protein enzyme helpers

27
Q

Inorganic Metals

A

– Iron (FERRIC), Magnesium, Zinc

28
Q

Coenzymes

A

– organic cofactors – vitamins – A, D, K, E